论文部分内容阅读
石墨烯是由sp~2杂化的碳原子紧密堆积成的单原子层二维碳材料,由于其优异的物理和化学性质被视为最有前景的新型材料之一。但由于石墨烯片层之间在范德华力的作用下易发生不可逆团聚,丧失其单层二维纳米片的结构特性,以及石墨烯表面呈现惰性状态,致使其与其他介质的相互作用较弱,难以均匀分散在极性或非极性的溶剂中,因而石墨烯的应用受到限制。对石墨烯进行功能化可以调控其分子结构、电子能级和化学性质,不仅可以有效抑制石墨烯的团聚而且能够改善其在溶剂中的分散性和稳定性,从而实现石墨烯基材料的多元化应用。本文综述了近年来共价键和非共价键功能化石墨烯以及其复合材料在储能领域的研究进展,并对功能化石墨烯的发展前景进行了展望。
Graphene is a monolayer two-dimensional carbon material closely packed by sp ~ 2 hybridized carbon atoms, which is regarded as one of the most promising new materials because of its excellent physical and chemical properties. However, due to the irreversible agglomeration of graphene sheets under the action of Van der Waal’s force, the structural properties of single-layer two-dimensional nanosheets are lost and the surface of graphene is rendered inactive, resulting in weak interaction with other media, Difficult to evenly dispersed in a polar or non-polar solvent, and thus the application of graphene is limited. Graphene can be functionalized to control its molecular structure, electronic energy levels and chemical properties, not only can inhibit the agglomeration of graphene and can improve its dispersion and stability in the solvent, in order to achieve the diversification of graphene-based materials application. In this paper, the research progress of covalently and non-covalently functionalized graphene and its composites in the field of energy storage are reviewed in the recent years, and the prospect of functionalized graphene is also prospected.