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通过对森林植被群落的动态模拟,可以揭示森林植被的恢复过程和演替规律。本文将动物集合种群竞争模型引入森林演替模拟中,以庐山为研究区域选取10个优势乔木种进行了森林演替模拟。在MATLAB中分别对当前生境条件、生境破坏条件和生境恢复条件进行模拟,结合庐山森林演替动态曲线和各优势种对外界条件响应规律,总结了对不同物种续存的保护机制。结果表明:(1)庐山森林种群整体向常绿阔叶林方向演替,混生林中阔叶树占优势;(2)森林群落中的优势物种可分为3个等级:第一等级优势种对恶劣生态环境适应性强,但在生态环境得到保护时容易被低优势度物种侵占,应防止人工引进的外来物种对原有优势种造成过度侵占;第二等级优势种对生境变化敏感,生境严重破坏会造成这类物种灭绝,生境恢复能使之续存;第三等级优势种在生境恢复条件下也难以续存,应采取人工育林等措施进行保护。
Through the dynamic simulation of forest vegetation communities, we can reveal the recovery process and succession rule of forest vegetation. In this paper, the animal population competition model was introduced into the forest succession simulation. Forest succession simulation was carried out by selecting 10 dominant tree species in Lushan Mountain. The current habitat conditions, habitat destruction conditions and habitat recovery conditions were simulated respectively in MATLAB. According to the dynamic curve of forest succession and the response rules of various dominant species to the external environment, the protection mechanisms for the survival of different species were summarized. The results showed as follows: (1) The forest population in Lushan Mountain had succession to the evergreen broad-leaved forest, and the broad-leaved trees dominated the mixed forest. (2) The dominant species in the forest community were divided into three grades: Ecological environment adaptability, but when the ecological environment is protected easily occupied by low dominance species should prevent the introduction of alien species of the original dominant species over-occupy; second-class dominant species of habitat change sensitive to serious habitat damage Will cause the extinction of such species and the restoration of habitats will enable them to survive; the third-level dominant species will also be hard to survive under the conditions of habitat restoration, and measures such as artificial plantation should be taken for protection.