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为了跟上农业高速度发展的需要,棉花育种必须坚持两条腿走路的方针,既要立足于加速现代化,积极探索育种新途径,又要从遗传育种的现实水平出发,大力加强包括系统选择在内的常规育种,采取多兵种作战,奋力攀登育种科学新高峰。因此,以唯物辩证法为指导,总结国内外育种实践,对棉花系统育种作一历史的、科学的分析,这对棉花育种工作仍具有现实意义。一、系统育种的重要性在我国当前大面积推广的棉花良种中,各地不少当家品种是系统选择育成的。据统计,从建国以来至1974年止,国内育成的148个品种中,采用系统选择育成的达100个,占总数的67.6%。目前,我国自育的、推广面积在一百万亩以上的品种有:徐州1818、中棉所2号、中棉所3号、洞庭1号、鄂棉6号、通棉5号、泗棉1号、徐州142、岱红岱等九个品种,除岱红岱外,全
In order to keep up with the needs of the rapid development of agriculture, cotton breeding must adhere to the principle of walking on two legs. It is necessary to speed up the modernization, actively explore new ways of breeding, and proceed from the actual level of genetic breeding to vigorously strengthen the system selection, including Within the conventional breeding, to take more arms operations, struggling to climb a new peak in breeding science. Therefore, with the guidance of materialist dialectics, summarizing domestic and foreign breeding practices and making a historical and scientific analysis of cotton system breeding, this is still of practical significance for cotton breeding. First, the importance of systematic breeding In our current large-scale promotion of cotton varieties, many local varieties are selected system bred. According to statistics, from the founding of the People’s Republic of China until 1974, of the 148 varieties bred domestically, 100 were selected by system selection, accounting for 67.6% of the total. At present, the varieties of self-raising and popularizing area of more than one million mu in our country are: Xuzhou 1818, Zhongmian 2, Zhongmiansuo 3, Dongting 1, Emeian 6, Tongmian 5 and Simian 1, Xuzhou 142, Dai Dai and other nine varieties, in addition to Daihong Dai, all