论文部分内容阅读
气候变化对中纬度山区积雪具有极强的影响,同时雪盖时空变化和融雪径流的波动被认为是气候变化的指示器.本研究选择祁连山黑河流域作为中国西北地区山区积雪流域的典型区域,分析了自1956~2001年近40余年以来气温、降水、累计降雪变化的状况和特点以及春季融雪径流的波动趋势.结果表明:黑河上游山区积雪流域的气候变化主要表现在年平均气温的缓慢上升而年降水基本平稳,累积降雪量也处于波动变化之中.年内气温的上升幅度以1~2月份比较强烈而其他月份气温上升幅度较小.利用基于度-日因子算法的融雪径流模型SRM(SnowmeltRunoffModel)模拟气温上升框架下的融雪径流变化情势结果表明山区积雪流域融雪期在时间上的前移,同时春季融雪径流量呈显著增加趋势且受径流周期变化控制.
Climate change has a very strong influence on mid-latitude mountain snow cover, and the change of snow cover and the fluctuation of snowmelt runoff are considered as indicators of climate change.This study selected the Heihe River basin in Qilian Mountains as a typical area of snow-capped mountains in northwestern China , Analyzed the status and characteristics of temperature, precipitation and accumulated snowfall since 1956 ~ 2001 and the trend of spring snowmelt runoff.The results show that the climate change in the snowcold watershed in the upper reaches of Heihe River mainly occurs at the annual mean temperature The annual precipitation is steady and the accumulated snowfall is also fluctuating, the temperature rise in this year is relatively strong in January ~ February and the temperature rise in other months is small.Using the snowmelt runoff model based on the degree-day factor algorithm Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM) simulated snowmelt runoff under the framework of temperature rise. The results show that the snowmelt period of the snow-creek basin in the mountain area moves forward in time, while the snowmelt runoff in spring shows a significant increase and is controlled by the periodic variation of runoff.