珠江是中国南部非常重要的河流之一,流域面积很广阔,其干流名为西江,是此流域中水运最为发达的江段。西江在清朝末期及其之后时代的对外贸易中发挥了重要的作用,其门户之地便是广西的梧州。梧州因《中英续议缅甸条约》于1897年被辟为通商口岸,但在这之前的1895年中日甲午战争议和谈判时,日本就已开始注目梧州,并谋求梧州的开埠与西江的通航。清朝末期,在广西省内流通的大部分外国产品都经由梧州转运而流入到内地。日本产品在梧州市场占据了除棉、毛织物之外的外国产品中的最大贸易额。明治时期的日本领事报告留下了许多关于此段历史的记录。并且,当时广西林业资源丰富,有大量樟树分布于广西境内。樟树可提取出樟脑,而樟脑是20世纪作为塑料代用品的赛璐珞(俗称假象牙)及无烟火药的原料,是当时需求极大的重要物资之一,在人类发展史上占有极为重要的地位。当时世界的樟脑市场由日本独占,而中国民间也在发展樟脑业,日本认为中国是其不容忽视的对手。清朝末期,广西也开始发展樟脑产业,这一举动引起了日本的注意,在领事报告中有不少关于广西樟脑产业的记录。本文旨在以日本领事报告、日本外务省外交记录等日语史料为基础,探讨清朝末期日本与广西梧州之间的贸易竞争与往来的历史。 The Pearl River is one of the most important rivers in southern China. Its catchment area is very large and its main stream is called Xijiang River. It is the most developed river section in this basin. Xijiang played an important role in foreign trade in the late Qing dynasty and later era. The land of its portal was Wuzhou in Guangxi. Wuzhou because of “continued discussion in the British Burma Treaty” in 1897 and was turned into a trading port, but negotiations in Sino-Japanese War conferences and before that in 1895, Japan began Wuzhou attention, and seek Wuzhou City and West River Navigable. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, most of the foreign products circulated in Guangxi Province flowed to the hinterland via Wuzhou. Japanese products occupy the largest volume of foreign trade in Wuzhou except for cotton and wool fabrics. The Japanese consul in the Meiji era left many records about this section of history. At the time, Guangxi was rich in forestry resources with a large number of camphor trees distributed in Guangxi. Camphor can be extracted camphor, and camphor as a substitute in the 20th century celluloid plastic (commonly known as false ivory) and smokeless powder raw materials, is one of the important material was a great demand in the history of human development occupies a very important position. At that time, the world’s camphor market was monopolized by Japan, while the Chinese private sector was also developing camphor industry. Japan regarded China as its undeniable opponent. The late Qing Dynasty, Guangxi began to develop camphor industry, this move caught the attention of Japan, in the consular report there are many on the camphor industry in Guangxi record. This article aims to Japanese historical Consular Report of Japan, the Japanese Foreign Ministry diplomatic record as the basis, to explore the history of the late Qing Dynasty competition and trade exchanges between Japan and Wuzhou in Guangxi.