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目的:比较足月儿与早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)的临床特点,进一步探讨足月儿RDS的治疗方法。方法:选取徐州市妇幼保健院新生儿科NICU 2010年6月至2013年4月收治的足月儿RDS 40例作为足月儿组,并随机选取同期入院的早产儿RDS 40例作为早产儿组,对两组患儿的围产期情况、治疗方法、并发症及预后等资料进行回顾性对比分析。结果:(1)病因:足月儿RDS主要病因为选择性剖宫产(胎龄<39周),早产儿RDS的主要病因是早产。(2)发病时间:足月儿组为(4.16±1.90)h,早产儿组(1.47±0.75)h。(3)治疗:足月儿组呼吸机持续时间为(74.43±19.14)h,28例应用肺表面活性物质(PS);早产儿组呼吸机持续时间为(59.45±18.11)h,36例应用PS。(4)并发症:足月儿组以气漏、肺动脉高压多见;早产儿组以颅内出血为主。结论:足月儿与早产儿RDS在病因、发病时间、治疗及并发症方面有许多不同之处。
Objective: To compare the clinical features of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) between full-term infants and premature infants and further explore the treatment of full-term infants with RDS. Methods: Forty infants with full-term infants were enrolled in NICU of Xuzhou MCH hospital from June 2010 to April 2013. Forty children with RDS were enrolled as full-term infants. Forty infants with premature infants admitted at the same period were enrolled as premature infants. The perinatal status, treatment, complications and prognosis of two groups of children were compared retrospectively. Results: (1) Etiology: The main cause of RDS in term infants was selective cesarean section (gestational age <39 weeks). The main cause of RDS in preterm infants was premature delivery. (2) onset time: full-term children group was (4.16 ± 1.90) h, premature children group (1.47 ± 0.75) h. (3) Treatment: The duration of ventilator in full-term infants was (74.43 ± 19.14) h, and the pulmonary surfactant (PS) was used in 28 patients. The duration of ventilator in premature infants was (59.45 ± 18.11) h, 36 PS. (4) complications: full-term children with air leaks, pulmonary hypertension more common; premature children with intracranial hemorrhage. Conclusion: There are many differences between erectile and premature infants RDS in the etiology, onset time, treatment and complications.