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目的:探讨低氧和运动训练对大鼠学习记忆的作用和交互作用及其与海马突触传递功能之间的关系。方法:采用交互设计的研究方案对SD大鼠进行8周14.2%的低氧暴露或/和60 min的无负重游泳训练后,通过Morris水迷宫检测大鼠的学习和记忆能力,并测定海马组织中γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量和N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)亚基NR1、NR2B的m RNA表达量。结果:1长期的低氧暴露可使大鼠的潜伏期显著增加(P<0.05),穿越平台的次数显著减少(P<0.05),运动训练能使大鼠的潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.05),穿越平台的次数显著增加(P<0.05),低氧联合运动训练对缩短大鼠潜伏期、提高大鼠穿越平台次数没有显著的交互作用(P>0.05)。2慢性低氧暴露能显著降低海马组织中NR1和NR2B m RNA的表达(P<0.05),运动训练能显著提高海马组织中NR1和NR2B的m RNA表达和降低GABA含量(P<0.05),低氧联合运动训练对海马组织中NR1、NR2B m RNA表达的提高和GABA含量的降低没有显著的交互作用(P>0.05)。结论:1长期的低氧暴露可抑制学习记忆能力,而运动训练能够增加学习记忆能力,虽然运动训练在一定程度上可以改善低氧暴露大鼠的学习记忆能力,但是并不能完全逆转低氧暴露所造成的学习能力下降。2长期的低氧暴露或运动训练可下调或上调海马NR1和NR2B m RNA表达,抑制或增强海马突触功能可塑性,这可能是影响学习记忆能力的重要机制。
Objective: To investigate the effects of hypoxia and exercise training on learning and memory in rats and its interaction with synaptic transmission in hippocampus. METHODS: The SD rats were subjected to 14.2% oxygen exposure for 8 weeks and / or 60 min training without load. The learning and memory abilities of rats were detected by Morris water maze. The hippocampus Γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content and m RNA expression levels of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits NR1, NR2B. Results: 1 Long-term hypoxia exposure can significantly increase the latency (P <0.05), reduce the number of passing through the platform (P <0.05), exercise training can significantly reduce the latency of rats (P <0.05) The number of crossing the platform increased significantly (P <0.05). Hypoxic exercise training had no significant interaction (P> 0.05) on reducing the latency of rats and increasing the number of rats passing through the platform. Chronic hypoxic exposure significantly reduced NR1 and NR2B m RNA expression in hippocampus (P <0.05). Exercise training significantly increased m RNA expression of NR1 and NR2B in hippocampus and decreased GABA level (P <0.05), while low There was no significant interaction between oxygen training and NR1, NR2B m RNA expression in hippocampus and GABA level (P> 0.05). Conclusion: 1 Long-term hypoxia exposure can inhibit learning and memory ability, while exercise training can increase learning and memory ability. Although exercise training can improve the learning and memory ability of rats exposed to hypoxia to a certain extent, it can not completely reverse the hypoxic exposure The resulting decline in learning ability. Long-term hypoxia exposure or exercise training can down-regulate or up-regulate the expression of NR1 and NR2B m RNA in hippocampus and inhibit or enhance synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, which may be an important mechanism of learning and memory.