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流体在多孔管中被分成若干支流，因管壁摩擦和动量的变化使流体压强和流速沿轴向不断改变。建立其变量之间的数学关系为设计计算提供依据的理论基础是流体的一维流动。通过动量、能量和质量衡算的方法可以建立其基本的计算式。文章综述了现有多孔管的计算方法，提出了一种变管径多孔管的设计计算原理，并建立计算式，给出设计计算方法和实例。
The fluid is divided into several branches in the porous tube, and the fluid pressure and flow velocity continuously change in the axial direction due to changes in the wall friction and momentum. Establishing the mathematical relationship between its variables provides the theoretical basis for design calculations to be a one-dimensional flow of fluids. The basic calculation formulas can be established by means of momentum, energy and mass balance. In this paper, the calculation method of the existing porous tube is summarized. A design principle of the variable-diameter porous tube is proposed, and the calculation formula is established. The design calculation method and examples are given.