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目的探究急进4 300 m高原对Wistar大鼠机体血气生化改变、病理变化、血清肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-1β影响及醋甲唑胺干预对大鼠高原损伤的保护作用。方法将28只成年健康Wistar大鼠按体重随机分为平原(海拔55米)对照组、高原(海拔4 300 m)模型组、醋甲唑胺组、乙酰唑胺组,分别灌胃给予0.9%氯化钠注射液、醋甲唑胺(每日2次,剂量为2.23 mg·kg-1)和乙酰唑胺(每日2次,剂量为22.33 mg·kg-1),对大鼠进行生化、血气分析、病理比较,并检测所得血清样品肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-1β含量。结果血气、生化和病理结果显示,高原组大鼠出现脱水症状,与平原对照组比较,高原模型组各指标变化显著(P<0.01),与高原模型组比较,醋甲唑胺组和乙酰唑胺组门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、酸碱度(p H)、碳酸氢根离子浓度、缓冲碱(BB)、剩余碱(BE)等指标显著下降(P<0.01),总蛋白(TP)、尿素(UREA)、二氧化碳分压(Pa CO2)、钠离子浓度、氯离子浓度等指标显著上升(P<0.01),表明两组均出现代谢性酸中毒合并呼吸性碱中毒,且肝肺组织出现病理性损伤,其中,与乙酰唑胺组比较,醋甲唑胺组损伤较小。与平原对照组相比,高原组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α显著性升高,白细胞介素-1β显著性降低,其中,乙酰唑胺组和醋甲唑胺组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β含量均显著高于模型组(P<0.01)。结论醋甲唑胺能改善急进高原大鼠的生理生化状况,减轻炎症损伤,具有较好的缺氧保护作用。
Objective To investigate the effects of acute trauma on the plateau in rats at 4 300 m altitude on the changes of blood gas, pathological changes, serum tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in Wistar rats. Methods 28 adult healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group (altitude 55 m), model group (altitude 4 300 m), metoclopramide group and acetazolamide group according to body weight, and were given 0.9% Sodium chloride injection, metformin (twice daily, a dose of 2.23 mg · kg-1) and acetazolamide (twice a day, a dose of 22.33 mg · kg-1), the rats biochemical , Blood gas analysis, pathological comparison, and detect the serum samples obtained tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β content. Results Blood gas, biochemical and pathological results showed dehydration in rats in plateau group. Compared with plain control group, the indexes of plateau model group had significant changes (P <0.01). Compared with plateau model group, The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), pH (p H), bicarbonate ion concentration, buffer base (BB) (P <0.01), total protein (TP), urea (UREA), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2), sodium ion concentration and chloride ion concentration increased significantly (P <0.01), indicating that metabolic acidosis combined Respiratory alkalosis, and liver and lung tissue pathological injury, which, compared with the acetazolamide group, metforzamide group less damage. Compared with the plain control group, serum tumor necrosis factor-α significantly increased and interleukin-1β significantly decreased in the plateau group. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α, leukocyte Su-1β content were significantly higher than the model group (P <0.01). Conclusion Methazoline can improve the physiology and biochemistry of acute high altitude rats, reduce the inflammatory injury, and has better hypoxia protection.