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地理学是一门古老的学科,在其发展史上经过了古典时期和近代时期。古典时期是地理学的知识积累阶段,是描述地理学阶段;近代时期是科学地理学的形成阶段,是解释地理学、比较地理学阶段。进入本世纪60年代以来,地理学在世界范围内在其理论方法、内容结构和目的任务方面进行了重大的革新和改造。表现出了一种共同的趋势,即用现代科学的理论和技术手段武装地理学,为解决日益增加的各种实际问题服务,地理学已跨入现代科学的行列。现代地理学与传统地理学相比,表现出如下一些特点:
Geography is an ancient discipline that has passed through classical and modern times in its history of development. The classical period is the stage of knowledge accumulation in geography, which is the stage of describing geography; the modern period is the stage of the formation of scientific geography, and is the stage of interpretation geography and comparative geography. Since entering the 1960s, geography has undergone major innovations and transformations in its theoretical methods, content structure, and purpose and tasks around the world. A common trend has emerged, armed with geography using modern scientific theories and techniques, to solve a growing number of practical problems, and geography has entered the ranks of modern science. Compared with traditional geography, modern geography shows the following characteristics: