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应用花药培养的技术,进行单培体育种,是育种方法上的一项重大技术革新。它能够使隐性基因迅速表现出来,提高选择效率,加快育种速度,因而国内外对这项技术都非常重视。我国在花药培养方面已经走在世界的前列,在烟草和水稻等作物上已经育成了新品种。然而,作为主要粮食作物的冬小麦,由于花粉植株诱导频率低,难度大,至今还很少有育成花培冬小麦新品种的报导。省农科院生理室和小麦所从1976年开始用花药培养新技术应用于冬小麦育种研究,经过六年的努力,已经培育出一个综合性状优良、耐旱、耐寒、早熟、适合中上等肥力水平种植的冬小麦新品种——花培2321。现将其研究方法、培育过程和产量表现等叙述于下。
Application of anther culture technology for single-breed breeding is a major technological innovation in breeding methods. It enables the rapid display of recessive genes, improve the efficiency of selection and speed up the breeding process, so both at home and abroad attach great importance to this technology. China has taken the lead in the field of anther culture in the world and has developed new varieties on crops such as tobacco and rice. However, as a major staple food for winter wheat, few reports have been reported on new varieties of winter wheat cultivars due to the low induction frequency and difficulty of pollen plants. Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences Physiology Room and Wheat from 1976 began to use anther culture of new technologies applied to winter wheat breeding research, after six years of efforts, has developed a comprehensive trait excellent, drought, cold, precocious, suitable for the best fertility A New Winter Wheat Cultivation - Flower Cultivation. Now its research methods, cultivation process and yield performance, etc. are described below.