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西塞罗是西方古代自然法思想的集大成者。他继承并发扬了古希腊哲学思想。在罗马,西塞罗是把斯多葛学派的自然法思想同罗马法结合在一起的主要代表人物,他将源自柏拉图的关于“正义”的伦理原则和斯多葛学派的自然法思想结合起来,并对罗马共和国的政治实践和政治精神进行理论抽象和总结,形成了对后世影响深远的宪政思想。本文将对西塞罗的宪政思想作个初步梳理,以期抛砖引玉,形成对西塞罗宪政思想比较完整、全面的认识。
Cicero is a master of Western ancient natural law thought. He inherited and carried forward the ancient Greek philosophy. In Rome, Cicero was the chief representative of the Stoics ’idea of the law of nature in conjunction with Roman law, and he combined Plato’s ethical principles of “justice ” with Stoics ’ natural law Combine ideas, abstract and summarize the political practice and political spirit in the Roman Republic, and form a far-reaching constitutional thought on the future generations. This article will be a preliminary review of Cicero’s constitutionalism, with a view to start a discussion, forming a more complete and comprehensive understanding of Cicero’s constitutionalism.