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本文梳理了海外学者对于中国立法研究的理论演进,比较了中外学者在立法研究领域的问题意识的不同及成因,并为立法过程研究领域的发展方向提出了建议。本文提出海外的中国立法过程研究分为旧制度主义、行为主义、理性选择制度主义三个阶段,总体倾向于把中国立法过程看作观察中国政治法律发展的一个窗口。而国内的立法过程研究则关注立法中的利益冲突等实际的法制问题。本文建议国内的立法过程研究重点探讨民主立法的理论与实践,以及如何透过立法民主的构建疏通立法中的利益表达。
This paper reviews the theoretical evolution of overseas scholars’ research on China’s legislation and compares the differences and causes of the awareness of issues between Chinese and foreign scholars in the area of legislative research. It also provides suggestions for the development of the legislative process. This paper proposes that the study of the overseas Chinese legislative process is divided into three stages: old institutionalism, behavioralism and rational choice institutionalism. The overall tendency is to regard the Chinese legislative process as a window to observe the development of Chinese political law. However, the research on the legislative process in China focuses on the actual legal issues such as the conflict of interests in legislation. This article suggests that the domestic research on the legislative process focuses on the theory and practice of democratic legislation and how to clarify the expression of interests in legislation through the construction of legislative democracy.