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针对液压电梯在工作过程中出现的启动时间长、运行速度不平稳、停止阶段轿厢抖动等不足,借助多物理领域仿真软件Simscape对液压电梯系统进行了综合建模,并提出了遗传算法(GA)整定PID对液压电梯运行速度进行控制的新方法。介绍了液压电梯的速度控制原理以及遗传算法的控制策略,针对液压电梯的工作特点对遗传要素进行了合理规划,并对不同工况下的液压电梯进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明:在载重量为0 kg,500 kg,1000 kg的工况下,遗传算法整定的PID控制器在动态特性、跟踪特性等方面都具有明显的优势。最后通过实验证明了基于遗传算法PID整定在提高液压电梯运行性能方面的有效性。
In view of the short start-up time, unstable running speed and car jitter in the stopping phase of the hydraulic elevator, the hydraulic elevator system is modeled comprehensively by using the multi-physics simulation software Simscape, and the genetic algorithm (GA ) Tuning PID A new method to control the running speed of hydraulic elevator. The principle of speed control of hydraulic elevator and the control strategy of genetic algorithm are introduced. According to the working characteristics of hydraulic elevator, the genetic elements are reasonably planned and the hydraulic elevator under different working conditions is simulated. The simulation results show that the genetic algorithm tuning PID controller has obvious advantages in terms of dynamic characteristics, tracking characteristics and so on under load conditions of 0 kg, 500 kg and 1000 kg. Finally, the experiment proved that the effectiveness of PID tuning based on genetic algorithm in improving the performance of hydraulic elevator.