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在地下煤层开采之后,采空区的上覆岩层必将发生移动和变形;而这种移动和变形,随着开采时间的延续,必将传播到地面,从而对地面建筑物及工业设施造成不同程度的损害。 在煤层水平赋存,地表为水平的,且岩层亦为水平成层的情况下,一般可将岩石视为各向同性的;而此时,煤层的采深为一常数H。而在煤层为倾斜时,情况就比较复杂了。 大量实际观测资料说明,煤层顶板及距煤层较近的岩层,基本上是沿煤层法线方向移动。这种现象将导致地表下沉曲线的非对称性。这种非对称曲线的数学计算公式是相当繁锁的,要获得其精确解是不可能的,只能借助于电子数字计算机来完成运算工作。因此,本文将针对这一问题展开讨论。
After the underground coal seam is mined, the overlying strata in the goaf will inevitably move and deform; however, this movement and deformation will inevitably propagate to the ground as the mining time continues, causing a difference to surface buildings and industrial facilities Degree of damage. When the coal seam is horizontal and the ground surface is horizontal, and the strata are stratified horizontally, the rock can generally be regarded as isotropic. In this case, the coal mining depth is a constant H. When the coal seam is tilted, the situation is rather complicated. A large number of actual observation data show that the coal seam roof and the rock layer closer to the coal seam basically moves along the normal direction of the coal seam. This phenomenon will lead to the asymmetry of the surface subsidence curve. This asymmetric curve mathematical formula is quite complicated, to obtain its exact solution is impossible, only by means of electronic digital computer to complete the computational work. Therefore, this article will address this issue.