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地方主义是晚清以来中国政治转轨、经济转型时期的一大政 治特色:在晚清以来的政治崩溃中,各地政治经济发展的不平衡 造就了许多凭借军事实力割据一方的地方实力派的崛起。这些地 方实力派承认中央政府,但又总是与力图重建其最高权威和集权 主义理想的中央政府形成矛盾和对抗,与中央政府的关系若即若 离。其实地方分权系统形成的地方主义一直是中国历史上的一个 重要现象。地方主义直接表现为中央集权的下移、地方分权系统 的形成和地方政治势力的崛起。
Localism is a political feature of China’s political transition and economic transition since the late Qing Dynasty. During the political collapse since the late Qing dynasty, the imbalance in the political and economic development among all localities created many local strength factions that seized on one side by means of military power. These local strength groups recognize the central government but always form contradictions and confrontations with the central government which seeks to rebuild its supreme authority and totalitarian ideals, leaving its relations with the central government at arm’s length. In fact, the formation of local decentralization system has always been an important phenomenon in Chinese history. Localism is directly manifested in the downward shift of centralization, the formation of a decentralization system and the rise of local political forces.