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以黄牡丹(Paeonia lutea)为亲本进行了10年杂交育种试验,包括肉质花盘亚组内杂交、与革质花盘亚组间杂交、与芍药组间杂交,共计杂交组合111个,获得333株杂交后代。结果表明:(1)肉质花盘亚组内杂交,结籽数和成苗数均较高,但后代观赏性一般;黄牡丹与革质花盘亚组野生种和栽培品种亚组间杂交,以黄牡丹为母本,以花形简单的牡丹栽培品种为父本的组合方式效果较好,后代观赏性状优良;黄牡丹与芍药组间杂交,部分组合可以结实,但出苗率很低。(2)通过对花粉与柱头相互作用的观察发现,不亲和花粉会导致花粉管及柱头组织中胼胝质沉积,阻碍花粉管生长。(3)对后代形态特征观察发现,花盘革质,心皮被毛,叶裂片加宽可作为黄牡丹为母本的亚组间杂交后代形态鉴定的标准。
A 10-year cross breeding experiment was carried out with Paeonia lutea as the parent, including crossing in the subfamily of Fritillaria cirrhosa, crossing with the subfamily of the Coptis diskland and crossing with the Paeonia lactiflora population, for a total of 111 hybrids and obtaining 333 hybrids Offspring The results showed that: (1) The number of hybridization, seed number and seedling formation were higher in the subgroup of fleshy-flowered discs, but the ornamentation of the offspring was higher. The hybrids between the wild and cultivated species Peony as the female parent, flower-shaped simple peony cultivars as the male parent combination is better, the offspring ornamental traits; yellow peony and peony group hybrids, some combinations can be strong, but the emergence rate is very low. (2) Through the observation of the interaction between pollen and stigma, it is found that incompatible pollen can lead to the deposition of callose in pollen tube and stigma, and hinder pollen tube growth. (3) Morphological characteristics of the offspring found that discothecium, carpels, and leaf lobes widened can be used as the standard for the morphological characterization of the progeny cross between subtropical populations.