激光是最近十多年才‘发现的一种新型光源。由于激光具有光谱纯,平行性好,能量集中等优点,在国防建设、工农业生产和科学试验等各方面都有着极其广泛的用途,因而发展十分迅速。自从1960年Maiman用人造红宝石造成第一台激光器,获得波长6943埃的红色激光后,目前仅气体激光器即已发现有几千条亮度高,单色性好的从紫外到红 Laser is a new type of light source discovered in recent ten years. Due to its advantages of pure spectrum, good parallelism and energy concentration, laser has been used very rapidly in various fields such as national defense construction, industrial and agricultural production and scientific experiments. Since Maiman’s first laser was made from synthetic ruby ​​in 1960 to obtain a red laser with a wavelength of 6943 angstroms, only gas lasers have now been found to have thousands of high-brightness, monochromatic UV-