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同学们，你们知道吗？在浩如烟海的名词世界里，有两位神秘的“首领”，他俩分别统治着各自的成员，两人性格迥异，却又和睦相处，共同维持着名词世界的秩序。他们就是名词“双星”——可数名词与不可数名词。今天我们有幸见到两位首领齐聚一堂，就让我们揭开“双星”神秘的面纱吧！
英语中的名词按其表示事物性质的不同，可分为可数名词和不可数名词。这两种名词在意义和用法上是有区别的，具体为：
一、可数名词有单、复数之分。表示一个人或事物时，用单数；表示一个以上的人或事物时，用复数。例如：an apple — two apples; a tomato — ten tomatoes; a baker — two bakers。而不可数名词没有单、复数之分，它们的形式没有变化。如a lot of beef , some pork等。
二、单数可数名词表示泛指时，前面要用不定冠词a或an；而不可数名词前面不能用a 或an。例如：
Song Hong is a manager.
宋虹是个经理。
She didn’t see milk on the table.
她没看见桌子上的牛奶。
[友情提示] 在表示特指时，可数名词和不可数名词前都要用定冠词the。例如：
Pass me the onions, please.
请把洋葱递给我。
The chicken on the plate is yours.
盘子里的鸡肉是你的。
三、可数名词可用many，a few等词修饰；不可数名词则要用much, a little等词修饰。例如：
There are many potatoes in the basket, but not much meat.
篮子里有许多土豆，但没有太多肉。
There is little water in the bottle.
瓶里几乎没有水。
[友情提示] 这两类名词都可以被some, any, a lot of (lots of)等修饰。如some carrots, any brushes, some rice, a lot of milk等。
四、可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来修饰。不可数名词表示数量的多少时，必须与表示数量的名词连用，即“数词+表示数量的名词（可数名词）+of+不可数名词”。例如：
There are three women under the tree.
树下有3个女人。
There are two glasses of milk on the table.
桌上有两杯牛奶。
五、可数名词作主语，谓语动词的单、复数与主语的单、复数要保持一致；不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。例如：
All the students are in the classroom.
所有的学生都在教室里。
There is some rice in the bowl.
碗里有些米饭。
六、在询问数量时, 对可数名词提问用how many；对不可数名词提问要用how much。但对不可数名词前表示数量的词组中的数词提问时则用how many。例如：
We have got ten bananas in the fridge.
→ How many bananas have you got in the fridge?
There is some pork in the basket.
→ How much pork is there in the basket?
I want two cups of tea.
→ How many cups of tea do you want?
另外，有些集合名词也是可数名词，但不同的是，它们以单数形式出现，表示复数意义，如people, police, family等；而有些可数名词本身就以复数形式出现，如clothes, glasses（眼镜）等；有的可数名词单、复数形式相同，如sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。
[试一试]
一、找出下列名词中的不可数名词。
banana, mutton, dumpling, bread, potato, tomato, noodle, tea, rice, beef, glass, meat, fish, pork, onion, bottle, hamburger, cabbage,soup, porridge, coffee, water, market
二、将下面句子中的错误找出来并加以改正。
1. —Do you have some tomato?
—Sorry. We don’t have any. But we have some muttons.
2. There isn’t many apple juice in the bottle.
3. Apair of shoes are under the bed.
4. How many peoples are there in your family?
5. There are a lot of rice in my bag.
6. There is only tea and milks here.
7.We do our homeworks every evening .
8. There are four bread on the table.
9. How many meat do you want to buy?
10.—What kind of noodles would you like?
— Beef and tomatoes noodles, please.
三、按要求改写下列句子。
1. Uncle Liu wants to buy a large number of hamburgers.（改为同义句）
Uncle Liu _____________ to buy _______________ hamburgers.
2. These onions are 20 yuan. （对画线部分提问）
_________________________________these onions?
3. I want five kilos of meat. (对画线部分提问)
___________meat_______________?
4. I usually have some porridge and cakes for breakfast. (对画线部分提问)
_____________you usually________breakfast?
Key:
一、mutton, bread, tea, rice, beef, meat, fish, pork, soup, porridge, coffee, water
二、1. some tomato → any tomatoes， muttons→mutton 2. many → any3. are → is 4. peoples → people5. are → is6. milks → milk
7. homeworks → homework 8. four bread → four pieces of bread9. many → much10. tomatoes → tomato
三、1. would like, lots of 2. How much are 3. How much, do you want4. What do, have for
英语中的名词按其表示事物性质的不同，可分为可数名词和不可数名词。这两种名词在意义和用法上是有区别的，具体为：
一、可数名词有单、复数之分。表示一个人或事物时，用单数；表示一个以上的人或事物时，用复数。例如：an apple — two apples; a tomato — ten tomatoes; a baker — two bakers。而不可数名词没有单、复数之分，它们的形式没有变化。如a lot of beef , some pork等。
二、单数可数名词表示泛指时，前面要用不定冠词a或an；而不可数名词前面不能用a 或an。例如：
Song Hong is a manager.
宋虹是个经理。
She didn’t see milk on the table.
她没看见桌子上的牛奶。
[友情提示] 在表示特指时，可数名词和不可数名词前都要用定冠词the。例如：
Pass me the onions, please.
请把洋葱递给我。
The chicken on the plate is yours.
盘子里的鸡肉是你的。
三、可数名词可用many，a few等词修饰；不可数名词则要用much, a little等词修饰。例如：
There are many potatoes in the basket, but not much meat.
篮子里有许多土豆，但没有太多肉。
There is little water in the bottle.
瓶里几乎没有水。
[友情提示] 这两类名词都可以被some, any, a lot of (lots of)等修饰。如some carrots, any brushes, some rice, a lot of milk等。
四、可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来修饰。不可数名词表示数量的多少时，必须与表示数量的名词连用，即“数词+表示数量的名词（可数名词）+of+不可数名词”。例如：
There are three women under the tree.
树下有3个女人。
There are two glasses of milk on the table.
桌上有两杯牛奶。
五、可数名词作主语，谓语动词的单、复数与主语的单、复数要保持一致；不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。例如：
All the students are in the classroom.
所有的学生都在教室里。
There is some rice in the bowl.
碗里有些米饭。
六、在询问数量时, 对可数名词提问用how many；对不可数名词提问要用how much。但对不可数名词前表示数量的词组中的数词提问时则用how many。例如：
We have got ten bananas in the fridge.
→ How many bananas have you got in the fridge?
There is some pork in the basket.
→ How much pork is there in the basket?
I want two cups of tea.
→ How many cups of tea do you want?
另外，有些集合名词也是可数名词，但不同的是，它们以单数形式出现，表示复数意义，如people, police, family等；而有些可数名词本身就以复数形式出现，如clothes, glasses（眼镜）等；有的可数名词单、复数形式相同，如sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。
[试一试]
一、找出下列名词中的不可数名词。
banana, mutton, dumpling, bread, potato, tomato, noodle, tea, rice, beef, glass, meat, fish, pork, onion, bottle, hamburger, cabbage,soup, porridge, coffee, water, market
二、将下面句子中的错误找出来并加以改正。
1. —Do you have some tomato?
—Sorry. We don’t have any. But we have some muttons.
2. There isn’t many apple juice in the bottle.
3. Apair of shoes are under the bed.
4. How many peoples are there in your family?
5. There are a lot of rice in my bag.
6. There is only tea and milks here.
7.We do our homeworks every evening .
8. There are four bread on the table.
9. How many meat do you want to buy?
10.—What kind of noodles would you like?
— Beef and tomatoes noodles, please.
三、按要求改写下列句子。
1. Uncle Liu wants to buy a large number of hamburgers.（改为同义句）
Uncle Liu _____________ to buy _______________ hamburgers.
2. These onions are 20 yuan. （对画线部分提问）
_________________________________these onions?
3. I want five kilos of meat. (对画线部分提问)
___________meat_______________?
4. I usually have some porridge and cakes for breakfast. (对画线部分提问)
_____________you usually________breakfast?
Key:
一、mutton, bread, tea, rice, beef, meat, fish, pork, soup, porridge, coffee, water
二、1. some tomato → any tomatoes， muttons→mutton 2. many → any3. are → is 4. peoples → people5. are → is6. milks → milk
7. homeworks → homework 8. four bread → four pieces of bread9. many → much10. tomatoes → tomato
三、1. would like, lots of 2. How much are 3. How much, do you want4. What do, have for