通过野外采样和实验室XRD分析,建立了基于XRD分析图谱的风化指标,研究了三峡库区不同坡段坡地的风化程度。三峡库区草堂河流域不同坡段坡地风化特征有一定的共性,如土壤中的主要特征矿物种类相同,主要有高岭石、云母和蛭石;所有样品中高岭石峰值均不高,甚至个别样品图谱上几乎没有高岭石峰的出现;3种主要的特征粘土矿物中以蛭石峰值最高;表层和底层的粘土矿物总量差异也不大。但是不同坡段土壤的风化程度仍存在一定差异。从顶部的分水岭山脊段到山坡上部直形坡崩塌段、山坡下部直形坡搬运段以及最下部的山坡坡麓洪冲积堆积段这4个坡段,4项风化指标均呈增加的趋势,说明从坡上到坡下土壤的风化程度逐渐加大。 Through field sampling and laboratory XRD analysis, the weathering index based on the XRD analysis was established and the weathering degree of slopes at different slope sections of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area was studied. There are certain commonalities in the weathering characteristics of the slope in different slope sections in the Caotanghe drainage area in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. For example, the main characteristic mineral types in the soil are the same, mainly including kaolinite, mica and vermiculite; the peak value of kaolinite is not high in all samples, There was almost no appearance of kaolinite peaks on the sample map; the highest peak of vermiculite was found in the three main characteristic clay minerals; and there was not much difference in the total amount of clay minerals in the top and bottom layers. However, there is still some difference in the degree of weathering of soils in different slope sections. From the top of the watershed ridge to the uphill straight slope collapse section, the lower slope of the straight section of the slope and the bottom of the slope slope of the alluvial accumulation of four slope sections, four weathering indicators showed an increasing trend, indicating The degree of weathering of the soil from the slope to the slope gradually increased.