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为全面掌握婴儿、5岁以下儿童和孕产妇死亡率的水平分布规律,广东省开展了有20个市、78个县参加的覆盖全省人口总数15.5％的大规模回顾性流行病学调查。共收集168728名活产儿,全省平均婴儿死亡率为32.01‰;5岁以下儿童死亡率为41.10‰;孕产妇死亡率为88.31/10万。地区性分布规律分析显示:城市各项死亡率均低于农村;各项死亡率的高低与地理、经济条件有关。两个系统管理率与各项死亡率之间呈负相关。死因构成分析表明:城市与农村的婴儿前三位死因相同,但位次有别;5岁以下儿童死因,城市主要是先天性疾病,农村则以意外及感染性疾病为主;孕产妇死因以产科因素为主,农村第一位死因则为妊娠合并心脏病。
In order to fully understand the distribution pattern of infant, under-five children and maternal mortality, Guangdong conducted a large-scale retrospective epidemiological survey covering 15.5% of the province’s population with 20 cities and 78 counties. A total of 168728 live births were collected. The average infant mortality rate in the province was 32.01 ‰. The death rate for children under 5 was 41.10 ‰. The maternal mortality rate was 88.31 / 100,000. The analysis of the regional distribution shows that the urban mortality rates are all lower than those in the rural areas; the mortality rates are related to the geographic and economic conditions. There was a negative correlation between the two system management rates and the various death rates. The analysis of cause of death shows that: the cause of death of the top three infants in urban and rural areas is the same, but the rankings are different; the cause of death of children under 5 years of age is mainly congenital diseases in cities, and the accidental and infectious diseases are the most common in rural areas; Obstetric factors, the first cause of death in rural areas with pregnancy complicated by heart disease.