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数制是人们用来计数的一种进制形式。我们日常使用的是十进制数,它使用0.1,2……9共10个数字符号,它的基数是10,每计满10个数时向高位进位,即“逢十进一”。在数字电路中应用最广的是二进制数,每一位二进制数中,仅有0和1两个数字,所以计数的基数是2,它的进位关系是“逢二进一”。由于二进制数只有0和1两个数字,因而在电子电路中很容易实现0和1对应的两种状态,例如开关的“开”和“关”,灯的“亮”和“灭”,脉冲的“有”和“无”,电平的“高”和“低”等等。二进制数的位数很长,因此人们往往将二进制数改写成八进制数、十六进制数。
The number system is a form of metric people use to count. Our daily use of decimal numbers, it uses 0.1,2 ... 9 a total of 10 numbers, its base is 10, every 10 numbers carry to the high, that is, “every decade.” In the digital circuit is the most widely used binary number, each binary number, only 0 and 1 two numbers, so the base count is 2, its carry relationship is “every two into one.” Because binary numbers have only 0 and 1 digits, it is easy to realize two states 0 and 1 in the electronic circuit, such as the ON and OFF of the switch, the ON and OFF of the light, the pulse Of “yes” and “no”, the level of “high” and “low” and so on. Binary digits long, so people tend to rewrite the binary number into octal, hexadecimal.