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目的应用实时三维超声对孕鼠进行不同时间辐照后,观察其对仔鼠大脑组织超微结构及学习记忆能力的影响。方法妊娠SD大鼠20只,在妊娠第14天分别给予0、10、20、30min的(MI=1.0,TIB=0.4)超声辐照,根据辐照时间进行分组。仔鼠出生后1d对大脑组织进行透射电镜的观察,并在仔鼠成活到第7周时用Morris水迷宫实验来检测仔鼠的学习记忆能力。结果对照组与辐照10min组的神经细胞及毛细血管的超微结构均无明显改变,但辐照20min及30min组出现细胞凋亡的表现。Morris水迷宫实验中,与对照组比较,辐照20min组及30min组的上台潜伏时间延长(P<0.05),穿台次数和目标象限游泳时间的百分比降低(P<0.05),而10min组则无明显的统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论中孕期实时三维超声辐照20min及更长时间会导致大鼠子代的脑组织的超微结构改变及其学习记忆能力受到影响。
Objective To study the effects of three-dimensional ultrasound on pregnant rats’ ultrastructure and ability of learning and memory after irradiation of pregnant rats at different time. Methods Twenty pregnant SD rats were irradiated with ultrasound at 0, 10, 20, 30 min (MI = 1.0, TIB = 0.4) on the 14th day of gestation and divided into groups according to the irradiation time. The pups were observed by transmission electron microscopy 1 day after birth and Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory abilities of the offspring in the seventh week. Results There was no significant change in the ultrastructure of nerve cells and capillaries in the control group and irradiation 10min group, but the apoptosis appeared in 20min and 30min irradiation group. In the Morris water maze test, compared with the control group, the latency of going up on 20min and 30min groups was longer (P <0.05), the times of wearing the platform and the percentage of target quadrant swimming time were lower (P <0.05) No significant statistical difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion The real-time three-dimensional ultrasound in the second trimester irradiation for 20min and longer will lead to ultrastructural changes in brain tissue of rats offspring and their learning and memory abilities are affected.