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目的确定广东省广州市幼儿园儿童抗生素自主使用现状,并探讨其主要影响因素。方法按多阶段整群抽样方法,抽取1 295名广州市幼儿园儿童,采用自填式问卷调查家长对儿童自主使用抗生素情况及其相关因素。结果 80.15%的家庭储存抗生素,63.47%的家长在过去12个月自主给子女使用过抗生素,31.51%的家长给子女自主使用阿莫西林,24.56%给子女自主使用头孢氨苄;家长的文化程度及家庭储存抗生素是家长给儿童自主使用抗生素的主要影响因素,随着家长文化程度的提高,家长给儿童非处方使用抗生素的概率越小,与研究生及以上学历家长相比较,小学及以下、初中、高中或中专学历家长给儿童自主使用抗生素的OR值依次为5.042(95%CI=1.495~17.002)、2.358(95%CI=1.150~4.838)和2.104(95%CI=1.106~4.003);家中储存抗生素的家长为儿童自主使用抗生素的风险为非储存家长的4.792倍(95%CI=3.541~6.485)。结论广州市家长给幼儿园儿童自主使用抗生素的概率高,迫切需要进行有效的合理使用抗生素的宣传教育。
Objective To determine the status quo of independent use of antibiotics in kindergarten children in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province and to explore the main influencing factors. Methods According to multistage cluster sampling method, 1 295 children in kindergartens were collected from Guangzhou. Self-administered questionnaires were used to investigate the parents’ independent use of antibiotics in children and its related factors. Results 80.15% of the families had antibiotics, 63.47% of the parents had used their own antibiotics in the past 12 months, 31.51% of the parents used their children autonomously with amoxicillin, 24.56% gave their children autonomic use of cephalexin. The educational level of parents and Family antibiotics is the main factor for parents to give their children independent access to antibiotics. With the improvement of parents’ educational level, parents have less probability of using antibiotics for children over-the-counter. Compared with the parents of graduate students and above, The OR of high school or secondary school parents who used antibiotics independently was 5.042 (95% CI = 1.495-17.002), 2.358 (95% CI 1.150-4.838) and 2.104 (95% CI 1.106-4.003) Parents who store antibiotics have a 4.792-fold (95% CI = 3.541-6.485) risk of using antibiotics autonomously for children as non-stockpiling parents. Conclusion The parents in Guangzhou have a high probability of using antibiotics independently for kindergarten children, and there is an urgent need for publicity and education on effective and rational use of antibiotics.