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目的:基于第五次卫生服务调查预调查结果,了解天津市农村地区居民医疗卫生需要、服务利用的基本情况及影响因素。方法:通过多阶段分层随机抽样抽取4 263人进行调查,其中农村居民2 206人,运用描述性统计和多因素Logistic回归模型进行分析。结果:农村居民两周患病率、两周就诊率均高于城市地区(P<0.01);两周患病率逐年上升,两周就诊率逐年下降;年住院率逐年下降,并低于城市地区(P<0.01);农村居民两周患病率的主要影响因素包括年龄、文化程度、慢性病患病、每周锻炼次数以及家庭收入情况;两周就诊率的影响因素为年龄、收入、家庭人口数、医保类型以及距离医疗机构远近程度。结论:农村地区居民健康意识有所加强,但健康状况仍不容乐观,因此未来应从加强健康教育和慢性病管理、扩大医保范围、健全农村三级医疗服务网络着手改善卫生服务利用情况。
OBJECTIVE: Based on the pre-survey results of the fifth survey on health services, understand the basic needs and influencing factors of the medical and health needs, service utilization of residents in rural areas of Tianjin. Methods: A total of 4 263 people were sampled by stratified random sampling, including 2 206 rural residents, who were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence of two weeks in rural residents was higher than that in urban areas (P <0.01). The prevalence of two weeks increased year by year and the two-week visiting rate decreased year by year. The annual hospitalization rate decreased year by year and was lower than that of urban areas (P <0.01). The main influencing factors of rural residents’ two-week prevalence rate were age, educational level, prevalence of chronic diseases, number of weekly exercise and family income. The influential factors of two-week visiting rate were age, income, family Population, type of health insurance and proximity to medical institutions. Conclusion: The health awareness of residents in rural areas has been strengthened, but their health conditions are still not optimistic. Therefore, health services should be improved in the future by strengthening health education and management of chronic diseases, expanding the coverage of health insurance and improving the rural medical service network.