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2012年,荷兰签署联合国《保护非物质文化遗产公约》。在此之前,荷兰国内对非物质文化遗产保护已经进行了一系列的筹备和讨论工作。本文介绍了近些年来,荷兰非遗保护工作的定位理念、机构、实践和相关法规。文章认为,荷兰的非物质文化遗产保护工作尽管起步较晚,但正以谨慎而良好的态势向前发展,也呈现出了一些独有的特点,如在各项工作中,政府起辅助和支持的作用,而主要工作则由博物馆、学术机构、社区等来承担。这与日本、韩国等东亚国家以政府为主导的保护模式有着显著区别。
In 2012, the Netherlands signed the United Nations Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. Prior to this, a series of preparatory work and discussions on the protection of intangible cultural heritage have taken place in the Netherlands. This article describes the concept, organization, practice and relevant laws and regulations of the non-heritage protection work in the Netherlands in recent years. The article argues that the Netherlands’s safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage, despite its late start, is proceeding in a cautious and favorable manner and presents some unique characteristics. For example, the government plays a supporting and supporting role in various fields of work. The main task of which is to be undertaken by museums, academic institutions and communities. This is with Japan, South Korea and other East Asian countries to the government-led protection model has a significant difference.