招标投标在国际上应用较早，但 在我国起步较晚，我国对货物、工程和服务的招标采购起始于８０年代初，随着改革开放的不断深入，招标投标越来越得到广泛的应用。这种方式对于约束交易者行为，创造公平竞争的市场环境，保障国有资金有效使用，起了积极的作用。但是，当前招标投 Tendering and tendering applications in the international earlier, but in our country started late, China’s bidding for goods, construction and services started in the early 1980s, with the deepening of reform and opening up, more and more tendering and bidding has been widely used . This approach has played a positive role in restraining the behavior of traders, creating a fair and competitive market environment and ensuring the effective use of state funds. However, the current tender cast