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设计了一种高速列车转向架舱内流场状态测试装置。在无横风、横风速度为15m·s-1与端板角度分别为30°、45°、70°条件下对转向架舱内流场进行了数值模拟,并分析了裙板包覆对转向架舱内积雪形成的影响。试验结果表明:转向架舱内气流流动规律的实测结果与模拟结果相同,说明数值模拟可行;动气流由列车底部以及两侧裙板灌入转向架舱内,流经端板时产生流动分离现象,大部分气流由端板底部及两侧裙板后部排出;自头车往后,流经转向架舱内的气流速度逐渐减小,裙板处进气区域减小,裙板后部排气区域增大;雪粒大多由流经转向架舱底部的气流带入,然后在转向架流场影响下不断沉积而产生积雪;合理设置转向架舱端板角度可以减小冰雪在转向架舱内堆积的概率;包覆裙板并不能有效减少转向架舱内积雪,不建议采用。
A high-speed train bogies flow field state test device is designed. The flow field in the bogie cabin was numerically simulated under the conditions of no cross wind, cross wind speed of 15m · s-1 and end plate angles of 30 °, 45 ° and 70 °, respectively. Effect of snow formation in bogies. The test results show that the measured results of the air flow in the bogie cabin are the same as the simulation results, indicating that the numerical simulation is feasible. The moving air flow is poured into the bogie cabin through the bottom of the train and the skirts on both sides, resulting in the flow separation phenomenon , Most of the air flow is discharged from the bottom of the end plate and the rear of the apron on both sides. From the rear of the wagon, the air velocity flowing through the bogie chamber gradually decreases, the intake area at the apron decreases, The gas area increases; the snow particles are mostly brought in by the airflow flowing through the bottom of the bogie cabin, and then are continuously deposited under the influence of bogie flow field to generate snow; reasonably setting the angle of the end of the bogie cabin can reduce the snow and ice on the bogie Probability of accumulation in the tank; cladding apron and can not effectively reduce the snow inside the bogie cabin is not recommended.