目的了解太原市新生儿出生缺陷的发生情况及其危险因素。方法回顾性分析太原市2011-2016年出生新生儿的临床资料,并采用自行设计的问卷调查产妇的人口学信息及行为生活方式等资料。结果共纳入35 949例围生儿,其中活产新生儿35 623例死胎死产326例。出生缺陷患儿389例,发生率为10.82‰,2011-2016年各年间出生缺陷发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。出生缺陷以先天性心脏病为主,其次为多指/趾。单因素分析结果显示,年龄<20岁及>35岁、孕次≥2次、产次≥2次、妊娠期饮酒史、妊娠期吸烟史、妊娠期未服用叶酸、高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史的妇女更易分娩有出生缺陷的新生儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出生缺陷新生儿的出生体重更轻,孕周较小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,<20岁及>35岁、妊娠期饮酒史、妊娠期吸烟史、高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史是出生缺陷的独立危险因素,妊娠期服用叶酸是出生缺陷的保护因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论太原市活产新生儿出生缺陷的发生率为10.82‰,主要的出生缺陷类型为先天性心脏病、多指/趾,要根据影响新生儿出生缺陷的高危因素采取针对性的措施进行干预,有助于降低出生缺陷的发生。 Objective To understand the neonatal birth defects and its risk factors in Taiyuan. Methods The clinical data of newborns born in Taiyuan from 2011 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic information and behavioral lifestyle were also used to investigate the demographic information of pregnant women. Results A total of 35 949 cases of perinatal children were enrolled, of which 326 62 were stillborn and 35 623 were still alive. There were 389 children with birth defects, the incidence was 10.82 ‰. There was no significant difference in the incidence of birth defects between 2011 and 2016 (P> 0.05). Birth defects are mainly congenital heart disease, followed by multiple finger / toe. Univariate analysis showed that age <20 years and> 35 years, pregnancy times ≥ 2 times, births ≥ 2 times, gestational drinking history, smoking history during pregnancy, pregnancy without taking folic acid, family history of hypertension, diabetes family The history of women is more likely to have birth defects in neonates, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); born newborn infants born lighter weight, gestational age smaller, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that alcohol consumption in pregnancy <20 years and> 35 years, pregnancy history of smoking, history of hypertension, family history of hypertension and family history of diabetes were independent risk factors for birth defects. Folic acid was a birth defect in pregnancy Protection factors, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of birth defects in live births in Taiyuan is 10.82 ‰. The main types of birth defects are congenital heart disease and multiple fingers / toes. Intervention should be made according to the risk factors that affect birth defects in newborns. Helps to reduce the incidence of birth defects.