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早产儿出生时胎儿红细胞数比例高,早期大量胎儿红细胞破坏,胆红素来源增加,肝脏功能不成熟,其摄取、结合、排泄胆红素功能差,易出现高胆红素血症。对于胎龄≥35周的新生儿,已有相应的光疗曲线及小时胆红素列线图作为诊断或干预标准,而胎龄<35周的早产儿尚缺乏公认的干预指南。本文就早产儿高胆红素血症的最新诊断和治疗进展进行综述。
Preterm infants born at a high proportion of fetal red blood cells, early large numbers of fetal red blood cell damage, increased bilirubin sources, liver function immature, its uptake, combined with excretion of bilirubin poor, prone to hyperbilirubinemia. For neonates with gestational age ≥35 weeks, appropriate phototherapy curves and hourly bilirubin nomograms are available as diagnostic or interventional criteria, whereas preterm infants <35 weeks of gestational age lack adequate guidelines for intervention. This article reviews the latest diagnosis and treatment progress of hyperbilirubinemia in preterm infants.