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中央与地方水利事权的划分一直没有明确的法规或政策界定,地方事权基本上是中央事权的延伸或细化。一方面,中央对一些具体项目的监督和管理介入过多,影响了地方水利部门的工作积极性;另一方面,自1994年分税制改革之后,地方财权缩小、事权扩大现象开始逐渐严重,特别是基层水务部门,肩负着较大的责任与压力,常常疲于应对,超负荷运转,其工作人员通常力不从心。本文通过对广东省及下辖的水利部门进行调研,辅以财政、发改等相关部门的访谈,以转变政府职能、充分发挥中央和地方两个积极性,实现水行政管理整体效能最大化为目的,对合理划分涉及水利的中央事权、中央和地方共同事权和地方事权进行梳理,以期为进一步完善中央与地方水利事权划分提供参考和依据。
There has been no clear definition of laws, regulations or policies in the division of water conservancy rights between the central and local governments. Local powers are essentially extensions or refinements of central power. On the one hand, the supervision and management by the Central Government over a number of specific projects have intervened too much, affecting the work enthusiasm of local water conservancy departments. On the other hand, after the tax-sharing reform in 1994, the local financial power has shrunk and the power of attorney enlarged gradually, especially the grassroots The water department, shouldering greater responsibility and pressure, is often struggling and overloaded, and its staff often do nothing. This article through to Guangdong Province and under the jurisdiction of the water conservancy department research, supplemented by finance, development and reform and other relevant departments to intervene in order to change the government functions, give full play to the enthusiasm of the central and local governments to achieve the goal of maximizing the overall effectiveness of water administration , Sorted out the central power of reasonable division of water conservancy, the central and local commonweal rights and local powers in order to provide a reference and basis for further improvement of the division of water rights authority between the central and local authorities.