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目的探讨大学新生血压及其与体质量指数(BMI)的相关性,为制定大学生高血压早期预防提供科学的理论依据。方法采用整群抽样法,对2014级江汉大学3 996名大学新生进行血压、身高及体重测量,分析高血压前期检出率及其与BMI的关系。结果大学新生高血压前期检出率为31.08%,男生检出率(47.92%)高于女生(16.52%)(χ~2=457.499,P<0.01);大学男、女新生超重和肥胖检出率分别为18.78%,10.78%和8.20%,1.73%,差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为51.345,92.500,P值均<0.01);男、女生血压平均值和高血压前期检出率均随BMI增高呈上升趋势,体重过低组、正常组、超重组和肥胖组男生高血压前期检出率分别为30.10%,46.74%,60.06%和64.47%(χ~2=79.488,P<0.01),女生分别为10.21%,15.08%,33.77%和51.35%(χ~2=95.219,P<0.01)。相关分析显示,BMI与收缩压、舒张压均呈正相关(r值分别为0.393,0.239,P值均<0.05)。男性、BMI为大学生高血压前期发生影响因素值分别为2.47,1.52。结论大学新生高血压前期的检出率较高,且与BMI增高密切相关。
Objective To investigate the relationship between freshmen’s blood pressure and body mass index (BMI), and to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the early prevention of hypertension in college students. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to measure the blood pressure, height and weight of 3,996 freshmen in Jianghan University in 2014. The detection rate of prehypertension and its relationship with BMI were analyzed. Results The prevalence of hypertension in college freshmen was 31.08%, and the detection rate was 47.92% in boys and 16.52% in girls (χ ~ 2 = 457.499, P <0.01). The prevalence of overweight and obesity The rates were 18.78%, 10.78% and 8.20%, 1.73% respectively, the differences were statistically significant (χ ~ 2 values were 51.345,92.500, P values were <0.01); boys and girls average blood pressure and pre-hypertension The rates of pre-hypertension were 30.10%, 46.74%, 60.06% and 64.47%, respectively, in underweight group, normal group, overweight group and obesity group (χ ~ 2 = 79.488, P <0.01). The girls were 10.21%, 15.08%, 33.77% and 51.35% respectively (χ ~ 2 = 95.219, P <0.01). Correlation analysis showed that BMI was positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.393,0.239, P <0.05). Male, BMI college students prehypertension factors influencing factors were 2.47,1.52. Conclusions The detection rate of prehypertension of college freshmen is high, which is closely related to the increase of BMI.