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零件轧制是一种机器零件成形新技术新工艺。它与传统的锻造、切削、铸造方法比较,生产某些批量大的零件,其优点为:生产效率提高4～10倍,节约材料率20～40％,节能30％以上,以及零件性能高、模具寿命长、工人劳动条件改善等。所以用这种方法生产的零件,其成本平均下降30％。 北京科技大学从1958年开始斜轧技术的研究,从1973年开始楔横轧技术的研究工作。从实验室研究到工业性开发与生产,已全面掌握楔横轧与斜轧的生产技术,在国内处于领先地位,是世界上少数全面掌握这项技术的国家(原苏联、日本)之一。 北京科技大学先后帮助国内工厂建成零件轧制生产线40多条。生产汽车、拖拉机、柴油机等轴类件,五金工具毛坯件、轴承及球磨钢球等100多个品种。这40多条线已累计生产70多万吨,经济效益3亿多元,加上推广的、累计生产约130多万吨,总效益在5亿元以上。 为什么这个项目推广如此迅速呢?这与建立了一个科研成果推广的有效机制有关。
Rolling of parts is a new technology and new process for the forming of machine parts. Compared with traditional forging, cutting and casting methods, it produces some large-volume parts. The advantages are: 4 to 10 times of production efficiency, 20 to 40% of material saving rate, more than 30% energy saving, and high part performance. Long mold life, improved working conditions for workers, etc. Therefore, parts produced by this method have an average cost reduction of 30%. Beijing University of Science and Technology began the research of oblique rolling technology in 1958 and began the research of wedge cross rolling technology in 1973. From laboratory research to industrial development and production, it has mastered the production technology of cross wedge rolling and oblique rolling. It has a leading position in China and is one of the few countries in the world that has mastered the technology (former Soviet Union, Japan). Beijing University of Science and Technology has helped more than 40 parts rolling production lines for domestic factories. It produces more than 100 types of axles, such as automobiles, tractors, diesel engines, hardware tools, bearings, and ball mill balls. These more than 40 lines have accumulated more than 700,000 tons of production, economic benefits of more than 300 million yuan, plus the promotion of cumulative production of about 1.3 million tons, the total efficiency of more than 500 million yuan. Why is the promotion of this project so rapid? This is related to the establishment of an effective mechanism for the promotion of scientific research.