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我国是海洋灾害频发的国家,海洋灾害对沿海地区经济发展和社会稳定造成很大影响。从海洋灾害应急管理体制、机制、法制和预案体系等方面以及存在的问题,对我国海洋灾害应急管理现状进行分析。基于对适应问题的探讨,并借鉴美日等国在海洋灾害应急管理方面的有益经验,提出了适应海洋灾害的三类措施,即制度性适应措施、工程性适应措施和技术性适应措施。
Our country is a country with frequent marine disasters. Marine disasters have a great impact on the economic development and social stability in the coastal areas. This paper analyzes the current situation of emergency management of marine disasters in China from the aspects of emergency management system, mechanism, legal system and pre-draft system of marine disasters as well as existing problems. Based on the discussion of adaptation and drawing lessons from the beneficial experiences of the United States and Japan in emergency management of marine disasters, three types of measures to adapt to marine disasters are proposed: institutional adaptation, engineering adaptation and technical adaptation.