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利用光镜和电镜技术系统研究了苹果轮纹病菌葡萄座腔菌在成熟果实上的侵染扩展过程及其细胞学特征。扫描电镜观察发现,接种后3h位于皮孔处的分生孢子开始萌发,萌发后的孢子从一端或两端产生芽管直接侵入皮孔细胞,接种后9h完成侵入。30d后果面接种部位表现症状,45d后产生子实体。对接种部位取样进行光镜和透射电镜观察发现,病菌菌丝主要存在于寄主细胞壁、细胞内、细胞间隙及细胞壁与细胞膜之间。菌丝呈丝状,分枝,具隔膜。菌丝细胞内含有细胞核、线粒体、液泡等细胞器;菌丝外散发出一些高电子密度的颗粒物质,这些物质以菌丝为中心,呈放射状分布。病菌在果肉细胞生长扩展过程中,果肉细胞发生一系列变化。果肉细胞壁膨胀、变形,胞间层分离、破裂。与菌丝接触或相邻的果肉细胞细胞壁电子致密度降低,被降解成为如散发状的胞壁纤维束丝。果肉细胞的液泡破裂,质壁分离,细胞质凝结坏死并沉积于细胞壁周围,或通过受损的细胞壁胞间连丝从一个细胞转移到另一个细胞。后期菌丝在表皮下聚集生长、发育成分生孢子器。分生孢子器内壁细胞排列紧密,细胞中含有由数条丝状物平行排列而成的细胞器。该细胞器形状多样,周围总是分布着丰富的脂肪粒,推测可能与营养的运输与积累有关。
Microscopic and electron microscopy techniques were used to systematically study the process of infection and expansion of Botryosphaeria crassipes in mature fruits and their cytological characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the conidia located in the lenticels at 3 h after inoculation began to germinate. Germinated spores germinated directly from the germ tube at one or both ends into the dermal cells and penetrated 9 h after inoculation. 30d after the results of surface inoculation site symptoms, 45d after birth fruiting bodies. Specimens on the inoculation site were observed by light and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the mycelium of the pathogen mainly existed in the host cell wall, intracellular, intercellular space and between cell wall and cell membrane. Hyphacelous filamentous, branched, with a diaphragm. Mycelial cells contain the nucleus, mitochondria, vacuoles and other organelles; mycelium emits some high electron density of particulate matter, these substances in mycelium as the center, radially. Germs in the process of pulp cell growth and expansion, a series of changes in pulp cells. Pulp cell wall swelling, deformation, separation of the intercellular layer, rupture. The electrical densities of the cell walls of the pulp cells, which are in contact with or adjacent to the hyphae, are reduced and degraded into clusters such as sporadic cell wall filaments. The vacuoles in the pulp cells are broken, the plasmids separate, the cytoplasm coagulates and deposits and deposits around the cell walls, or from one cell to another through damaged cell-wall interplanetary filaments. Late hyphae gathered in the epidermal growth and development of components of sporophytes. Conidiophore wall cells arranged closely, the cells contain several filaments arranged in parallel organelles. The organelles are diverse in shape and are surrounded by abundant fat particles, which may be related to the transport and accumulation of nutrients.