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双重疑问句是由两个疑问句重疊而成的一种疑问句,例如:What do you wish you had more than anythingelse in the world?这个疑问句是由一般疑问句“Do you wish”插入在特殊疑问句“What do you have more than anything else in the world”之中重叠而成的,
从语法和语义上看,双重疑问句中的插入语(即一般疑问句)的作用很大,
1、它限制了特殊疑问句的语序,即不论原来的语序如何,只要中间插入了一个一般疑问句,特殊疑问句就必须使用陈述句的语序。比如:以上例句不能说成“What do you wish had you more than anything else in the world”。
2、它还限制了特殊疑问句的语气,即特殊疑问句的语气依一般疑问句中的动词而定。比如:以上例句中一般疑问句中的“wish”就决定了特殊疑问句中的谓语动词必须用虚拟语气,即动词用真真had”。
3、一般疑问句与特殊疑问句之间在逻辑上具有动宾关系,但是特殊疑问句并不是一般疑问句的宾语从句,所以不能把这种句型称为“由特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句作宾语的一般疑问句”。比如,以上例句不能改成“Do you wish what you had more than anything else in the world”。另外,一般疑问句后面的陈述句也不是它的宾语从句,所以后面也不能加连词“that”。这个一般疑问句只不过是一个插入语。比如:以上例句不能说成“What do you wish that you had more than anything else in the world”。
4、一般疑问句或插入语中的动词主要是表示“看法”之意的动词,比如“think,believe,consider,feel,expect, suppose,suspect,understand (表示“认为”),imagine, guess(猜测),say(说), suggest(建议),wish(希望)”等。另外,还有一些表示“看法”之意的形容词,比如“afraid, sure,glad,certain,surprised,pleased'’等。例如:
What do you think should be done to people who are caught steal ing?
What can you guess/imagine made us so worried?
What do you suggest I see?
What time does the letter say he will start?
Who are you sure will win thegame?
What are you afraid might happen?
需要说明的是:
1、因为双重疑问句中的一般疑问句是插入语,所以其前、后也可用逗号与句子的其他部分分开。
2、双重疑问句中的插入语不能移至句首,但可多至句末,插入语移至句末时,其前必须用特殊疑问句,插入语前用逗号,插入语后用问号。例如:
Why do you think women were caught aS wel l as men?→Why,do you think,women were caught as well as men?→why were women caught as wel l as men,do you think?
3、不表示“看法”之類的动词(例如“know,remember, tell”等)不能在这种句型中作插入语,但其一般疑问句可跟疑问词引导的宾语从句。比如,不可说“Why do you know we can’t cut down the big tree”。
4、双重疑问句不能用“Yes”或“No”来回答,而要用“陈述句+宾语从句”来回答;陈述句也可后置,其前用逗号,例如:
→nat do you think the ocean bottom is made up of?
→I think it is made up of irregular plains,(或]t is made uD of irregular plains,I think,)
5、如果双重疑问句用在间接引语中,就要把插入语由一般疑问句变成陈述句,例如:
Sometimes We are asked what we think the likely result of an action will be,(该句中的名词从句实际上是由“What d0 you think the likely result 0f an action will be”变来的)
6、双重疑问句中的插入语在其他从句中也要用陈述句语序。例如:
They also hoped t。find a new continent which they thought existed in the Indian or Pacific Ocean,
7、双重疑问句中的插入语可用陈述句语序的疑问式放在一个陈述句的句末,表示说话人对前句的内容不能肯定。例如 Alice iS ill,I supppse?
从语法和语义上看,双重疑问句中的插入语(即一般疑问句)的作用很大,
1、它限制了特殊疑问句的语序,即不论原来的语序如何,只要中间插入了一个一般疑问句,特殊疑问句就必须使用陈述句的语序。比如:以上例句不能说成“What do you wish had you more than anything else in the world”。
2、它还限制了特殊疑问句的语气,即特殊疑问句的语气依一般疑问句中的动词而定。比如:以上例句中一般疑问句中的“wish”就决定了特殊疑问句中的谓语动词必须用虚拟语气,即动词用真真had”。
3、一般疑问句与特殊疑问句之间在逻辑上具有动宾关系,但是特殊疑问句并不是一般疑问句的宾语从句,所以不能把这种句型称为“由特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句作宾语的一般疑问句”。比如,以上例句不能改成“Do you wish what you had more than anything else in the world”。另外,一般疑问句后面的陈述句也不是它的宾语从句,所以后面也不能加连词“that”。这个一般疑问句只不过是一个插入语。比如:以上例句不能说成“What do you wish that you had more than anything else in the world”。
4、一般疑问句或插入语中的动词主要是表示“看法”之意的动词,比如“think,believe,consider,feel,expect, suppose,suspect,understand (表示“认为”),imagine, guess(猜测),say(说), suggest(建议),wish(希望)”等。另外,还有一些表示“看法”之意的形容词,比如“afraid, sure,glad,certain,surprised,pleased'’等。例如:
What do you think should be done to people who are caught steal ing?
What can you guess/imagine made us so worried?
What do you suggest I see?
What time does the letter say he will start?
Who are you sure will win thegame?
What are you afraid might happen?
需要说明的是:
1、因为双重疑问句中的一般疑问句是插入语,所以其前、后也可用逗号与句子的其他部分分开。
2、双重疑问句中的插入语不能移至句首,但可多至句末,插入语移至句末时,其前必须用特殊疑问句,插入语前用逗号,插入语后用问号。例如:
Why do you think women were caught aS wel l as men?→Why,do you think,women were caught as well as men?→why were women caught as wel l as men,do you think?
3、不表示“看法”之類的动词(例如“know,remember, tell”等)不能在这种句型中作插入语,但其一般疑问句可跟疑问词引导的宾语从句。比如,不可说“Why do you know we can’t cut down the big tree”。
4、双重疑问句不能用“Yes”或“No”来回答,而要用“陈述句+宾语从句”来回答;陈述句也可后置,其前用逗号,例如:
→nat do you think the ocean bottom is made up of?
→I think it is made up of irregular plains,(或]t is made uD of irregular plains,I think,)
5、如果双重疑问句用在间接引语中,就要把插入语由一般疑问句变成陈述句,例如:
Sometimes We are asked what we think the likely result of an action will be,(该句中的名词从句实际上是由“What d0 you think the likely result 0f an action will be”变来的)
6、双重疑问句中的插入语在其他从句中也要用陈述句语序。例如:
They also hoped t。find a new continent which they thought existed in the Indian or Pacific Ocean,
7、双重疑问句中的插入语可用陈述句语序的疑问式放在一个陈述句的句末,表示说话人对前句的内容不能肯定。例如 Alice iS ill,I supppse?