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净初级生产力(Net Primary Productivity)是生态系统碳循环过程中的一个重要组成部分,森林生态系统的NPP占全球陆地生态系统的65%,深入了解全球森林生态系NPP的空间变异规律,是理解全球碳收支格局的基础。本论文以收集获得的野外站点实测NPP数据为基础,对全球森林生态系统NPP的空间分布格局及其区域特征进行综合分析得出:全球森林生态系统的NPP呈现出随着纬度升高而降低的趋势,北半球森林生态系的NPP随着纬度的升高显著降低,南半球森林生态系统的NPP则纬向规律不显著。全球各个大洲之间森林生态系统的NPP整体上差异不显著,只有南美洲森林生态系统的NPP显著高于亚洲、欧洲和北美洲的森林生态系统。全球森林生态系统的NPP呈现出从寒冷性气候区域向温暖性气候区域逐渐增大的趋势。经典的Miami模型能够较合理地估算当前气候条件下森林生态系统NPP的空间分布格局。在全球尺度上,年均温(r~2约为0.50)较年降水(r~2约为0.40)与森林生态系统的NPP有更强的相关性。这些研究结果为进一步探讨全球陆地生态系统碳源汇功能奠定了一定的基础。
Net Primary Productivity is an important part of the carbon cycle in ecosystems. NPP of forest ecosystems accounts for 65% of the global terrestrial ecosystem. Having a deep understanding of the spatial variability of global forest ecosystem NPP is an important part of understanding global Carbon revenue and expenditure pattern of the foundation. Based on the collected NPP data of field stations collected in this paper, the spatial distribution pattern of NPP in the global forest ecosystem and its regional characteristics are analyzed. The results show that NPP of global forest ecosystems decreases with increasing latitude The NPP of the northern hemisphere forest ecosystem decreased significantly with the increase of latitude and the NPP of the southern hemisphere forest ecosystem showed no significant zonal law. The overall NPP of forest ecosystems on all continents is not significantly different globally. Only the forest ecosystems of South America have significantly higher NPP than the forest ecosystems of Asia, Europe and North America. The NPP of global forest ecosystems tends to gradually increase from the cold climate region to the warm climate region. The classic Miami model can reasonably estimate the spatial distribution pattern of NPP under the current climatic conditions. On a global scale, annual average temperature (r ~ 2 ~ 0.50) is more correlated with NPP of forest ecosystem than annual precipitation (r ~ 2 ~ 0.40). These findings provide a basis for further exploration of the function of carbon sinks in the global terrestrial ecosystem.