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一、施足底肥,氮磷配合,打好玉米制种高产的基础由于玉米自交系具有生长势弱,抗逆性差、单株生产力低等特点,在制种选地中除要求土壤肥沃(有机质含量0.8～1%,速效氮30～40PPm,速效磷10～14PPm,速效钾65～70PPm),旱涝保收的地块作为制种田外,应十分重视底肥的作用。具体要求每亩施优质圈肥2500公斤以上,磷肥35～50公斤,氮肥(折纯氮)7.5公斤以上,钾肥15～20公斤。为了提高现有肥料的利用效果,在施肥方式上,全部采用了起垄包肥。具体做法是:播种前15～20天,按照播种规格要求,用木犁开沟,将上述数量的肥料加入25公斤呋喃丹或812颗粒剂混合后集中施入沟内,然后从沟两侧扶垄,把肥料包起来,播种时破垄点播即可。据调查,起垄包肥的制种田比不起垄包肥的制种田苗期叶长增加1.26厘米,次生根增加3条,单产增加10%左右。二、增加密度,扩大行比,充分发挥自交系的群体增产潜力
First, the application of adequate fertilizer, nitrogen and phosphorus, lay a good foundation for high yield of maize Maize inbred lines due to the growth of weak, poor resistance, low productivity per plant, in addition to the system of seed selection in the fertile soil Organic matter content 0.8-1%, available nitrogen 30-40PPm, available phosphorus 10 ~ 14PPm, available potassium 65 ~ 70PPm), Hanlaobaoshou land as a system of farming, we should attach great importance to the role of base fertilizer. Specific requirements per acre good quality circle fertilizer 2500 kilograms of phosphorus fertilizer 35 to 50 kilograms, nitrogen fertilizer (pure nitrogen) 7.5 kilograms of potassium and 15 to 20 kilograms. In order to improve the utilization effect of the existing fertilizers, all fertilizers are used in the fertilization mode. Specific practices are: 15 to 20 days before sowing, planting requirements in accordance with the specifications, with wooden plow ditch, the above amount of fertilizer by adding 25 kg of carbofuran or 812 granules concentrated into the trench after mixing, and then from both sides of the ditch Ridges, the fertilizer package, sowing Broken ridge on-demand can be. According to the survey, the system of ridge-wrap fertilizer is not as good as that of ridge-wrap fertilizer at the seedling stage of seedling growing by 1.26 cm. The number of secondary roots increased by 3 and the yield per unit area increased by about 10%. Second, increase the density and expand the ratio of lines, give full play to the potential of self-in-line groups to increase production