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Aspirational but Nonbinding 不失颜面的宣言
英式发音 难度★★★☆☆
A large-scale protest, a massive security operation; all the 1)trappings, noise and 2)disruption that accompanies a modern-day 3)summit. This is by far the biggest demonstration of the week, 4)vocal, but overwhelmingly good-natured.
In an Opera House 5)adorned by 6)sharpshooters, the APEC leaders met. A gathering focusing on climate change. The result was the Sydney Declaration. But they’re aspirational rather than 7)binding, therefore symbolic rather than concrete. Still, it was 8)heralded by the host, a leader who’s been strongly critical of 9)Kyoto.
John Howard (Australian Prime Minister): It’s a very important milestone in the march towards a sensible international agreement on climate change, which recognizes the need to make progress, but also recognizes that different economies bring different perspectives.
Even the outfits chosen for the traditional APEC family photo carried an environmental message: all-weather coats for a fast changing climate.
The main weakness of the Sydney Declaration is that it is aspirational rather than binding. And environmentalists have complained it’s voluntary and vague. They’re looking for much more meaningful progress at a UN meeting in Bali, later in the year. The main focus there, a 10)successor for Kyoto.
大规模的游行示威、严阵以待的保安措施、各式各样的服饰、喧闹混乱的场面——这是当今任何一个世界级首脑峰会都少不了的。这是到目前为止本周最大规模的游行。尽管示威的群众很吵闹，但场面却极为整齐有序。
亚太经合组织各成员国首脑在布满神枪手的悉尼歌剧院中会面。这是一次聚焦全球气候变化问题的峰会，其结果是诞生了《悉尼宣言》。尽管宣言志向远大，但缺乏约束力，因此宣言也就象征意义大于实质意义了。但无论如何，东道国还是对此表示欢迎，而此前，澳大利亚一直带头强烈反对《京都协定书》。
约翰·霍华德（澳大利亚总理）：在就全球气候变化问题达成一个明智的国际协议的进程中，这（《悉尼宣言》）是个非常重要的里程碑。它不仅表明我们要在这方面取得进展的必要性，还让人们看到不同国家的不同观点和态度。
就连APEC传统的全家福中，首脑们的服装也传达出气候信息：晴雨均宜的全天候大衣可以应对迅速变化的气候。
《悉尼宣言》的主要缺陷在于，虽然它有远大抱负，却缺乏约束力。环保人士批评说《悉尼宣言》是自愿性质的，而且模糊不清。他们期待今年晚些时候在印尼巴厘岛举行的联合国气候变化大会能有实质性的成果。巴厘会议的重点是《京都协议书》2012年到期后的新协议。
Significant but Partial 不完全遗传
英式发音 难度★★★★☆
Scientist say they’ve identified a 11)gene which they claim could help explain variations in human height. The researchers from Britain and the United States examined the genes of thousands of individuals and found a common 12)variant which they say partially explains why some of us are bigger than others. Details of the study are reported in the journal Nature Genetics.
Everyone knows that their parents’ height is likely to have a major 13)bearing on their own height. And now researchers from Peninsula Medical School, Exeter and the University of Oxford here in Britain and the Braul Institute in the United States said that they’ve gone some way to 14)unravelling the genetic reasons why.
They examined the DNA of some 5,000 people and identified variants in a gene called HNGA2 which appear to play a significant role in height variation within any particular population. They found a small variant and a big variant of the gene. Possess two of the big version of the gene from your mother and father and you’ll be bigger. Possess two of the small version and you’ll be smaller. They then conducted a follow-up study of 19,000 individuals which they say confirmed the role of this “height gene.”
These variants are only one part of the 15)genetic picture, however, and in themselves only explain about a centimetre of the height variations witnessed the scientists estimate. Nevertheless, they’re convinced that genes do explain up to 90% of height variations within particular populations and have already begun the hunt for other genes which could fill in the picture.
科学家称，他们发现了可以解释人类高度差异的基因。来自英国和美国的科学家研究了数千人的基因，发现有一个共同的变体，它可以从一定程度上解释为什么有的人会比其他人高大。研究的详细结果刊登在了《自然遗传学》杂志上。
大家都知道，父母的身高很大程度上会决定子女的身高。现在，来自英国埃克塞特半岛医学院、英国牛津大学以及美国布罗尔学院的研究人员说，他们已经在揭开身高的遗传原因上取得了进展。
他们研究了五千多人的DNA，确认一组名为HNGA2的基因变体在任何一个特定人群的身高差异方面似乎发挥了重要作用。他们发现了此基因的高低变种。如果你继承了父母两人的“高”基因，你就会高大些；如果你遗传了父母两人的“矮”基因，你就会矮小些。根据这个推论，他们又继续对一万九千人进行了后续研究，结果证实了身高基因结论。
然而，这些身高基因仅仅是造成人类身高差异的原因之一。依照科学家们的推断，这组基因对人身高的影响大约只是一厘米。不过，科学家们依然坚信，在一个特定人群中，造成身高差异90%的原因是来自遗传因素。他们已经开始寻找其它影响人类身高的基因了。
Elite but Symbolic 象征性的精英
美式发音 难度★★★☆☆
Her first day on the job in the 16)Beefeater uniform, Moira Cameron, the first female 17)Yeoman Warder ever, wasn’t letting the media attention 18)go to her head.
Moira: I wake up every morning and I still feel very, very happy to be here and very 19)privileged to be working here.
“Here” is the historic 20)Tower of London, where the Yeoman Warders have been an 21)elite guard unit, made up of men only, for 522 years.
Cameron isn’t the first woman to apply for the position, but she is the first to be admitted into the unit, her bosses say, “on merit.”
Today Cameron is using her keys to open some of the towers here. It’s just one of some 21 different responsibilities she has been trained for, though 22)presumably later on she will do it with a lot less media attention.
Responsibilities that include guarding the Queen’s 23)Crown Jewels and answering tourists’ questions. Like other Beefeaters, Cameron served the minimum 22 years of decorated military service. Her boss says his male Beefeaters are learning to adapt to the change.
Supervisor: Yes, there has been the odd one or two that have voiced their own personal opinions. What they’ve all elected to do quite happily is to give her chance and see how she gets on with the job.
Tourists were quick to add Cameron to the must-have photo checklist.
Tourist A: I think it’s brilliant. They should’ve done that about a hundred years ago.
Tourist B: You haven’t done 22 years in the army, have you?
Moira: I have, sir.
So, after 522 years, British and tourists alike are getting used to the new face of the old guard. No beard, just a smile.
莫伊拉·卡梅伦成为有史以来第一位伦敦塔女卫兵。她穿上制服，开始工作的第一天并没有被媒体的关注冲昏了头脑。
莫伊拉：直到现在每天早上醒来的时候，我依然为自己能在这里工作而感到开心和自豪。
“这里”指的就是历史悠久的伦敦塔。522年来，作为精英卫队的伦敦塔卫兵一直是清一色的男性。
卡梅伦并不是首位申请，但却是第一位成功获得该职位的女性。她的上司评价说：“她靠的是实力。”
今天，卡梅伦会用手中的钥匙去打开伦敦塔的部分房门。这只是她受训的21项职责的其中一项。以后她再履行这些职责时，大概就不会有这么多媒体关注了吧。
伦敦塔卫兵的其它职责还包括守护女王王冠的御宝，以及回答游客的问题等。与其他伦敦塔卫兵一样，卡梅伦已经在军队中服役22年。她的上司说伦敦塔的男卫兵们正在努力适应这个变化。
上司：的确有个别人谈过自己的看法。不过大家都乐意给她一个机会，看看她表现如何。
卡梅伦很快就成为游客们竞相合照的对象。
游客甲：太棒了。他们一百年前就应该这样做了。
游客乙：你不会真的是服役了22年吧？
莫伊拉：的确是22年了，先生。
就这样，522年来，英国民众和外国游客第一次从古老的卫兵队列中看到了一张新面孔。没有胡子，只有灿烂的微笑。
英式发音 难度★★★☆☆
A large-scale protest, a massive security operation; all the 1)trappings, noise and 2)disruption that accompanies a modern-day 3)summit. This is by far the biggest demonstration of the week, 4)vocal, but overwhelmingly good-natured.
In an Opera House 5)adorned by 6)sharpshooters, the APEC leaders met. A gathering focusing on climate change. The result was the Sydney Declaration. But they’re aspirational rather than 7)binding, therefore symbolic rather than concrete. Still, it was 8)heralded by the host, a leader who’s been strongly critical of 9)Kyoto.
John Howard (Australian Prime Minister): It’s a very important milestone in the march towards a sensible international agreement on climate change, which recognizes the need to make progress, but also recognizes that different economies bring different perspectives.
Even the outfits chosen for the traditional APEC family photo carried an environmental message: all-weather coats for a fast changing climate.
The main weakness of the Sydney Declaration is that it is aspirational rather than binding. And environmentalists have complained it’s voluntary and vague. They’re looking for much more meaningful progress at a UN meeting in Bali, later in the year. The main focus there, a 10)successor for Kyoto.
大规模的游行示威、严阵以待的保安措施、各式各样的服饰、喧闹混乱的场面——这是当今任何一个世界级首脑峰会都少不了的。这是到目前为止本周最大规模的游行。尽管示威的群众很吵闹，但场面却极为整齐有序。
亚太经合组织各成员国首脑在布满神枪手的悉尼歌剧院中会面。这是一次聚焦全球气候变化问题的峰会，其结果是诞生了《悉尼宣言》。尽管宣言志向远大，但缺乏约束力，因此宣言也就象征意义大于实质意义了。但无论如何，东道国还是对此表示欢迎，而此前，澳大利亚一直带头强烈反对《京都协定书》。
约翰·霍华德（澳大利亚总理）：在就全球气候变化问题达成一个明智的国际协议的进程中，这（《悉尼宣言》）是个非常重要的里程碑。它不仅表明我们要在这方面取得进展的必要性，还让人们看到不同国家的不同观点和态度。
就连APEC传统的全家福中，首脑们的服装也传达出气候信息：晴雨均宜的全天候大衣可以应对迅速变化的气候。
《悉尼宣言》的主要缺陷在于，虽然它有远大抱负，却缺乏约束力。环保人士批评说《悉尼宣言》是自愿性质的，而且模糊不清。他们期待今年晚些时候在印尼巴厘岛举行的联合国气候变化大会能有实质性的成果。巴厘会议的重点是《京都协议书》2012年到期后的新协议。
Significant but Partial 不完全遗传
英式发音 难度★★★★☆
Scientist say they’ve identified a 11)gene which they claim could help explain variations in human height. The researchers from Britain and the United States examined the genes of thousands of individuals and found a common 12)variant which they say partially explains why some of us are bigger than others. Details of the study are reported in the journal Nature Genetics.
Everyone knows that their parents’ height is likely to have a major 13)bearing on their own height. And now researchers from Peninsula Medical School, Exeter and the University of Oxford here in Britain and the Braul Institute in the United States said that they’ve gone some way to 14)unravelling the genetic reasons why.
They examined the DNA of some 5,000 people and identified variants in a gene called HNGA2 which appear to play a significant role in height variation within any particular population. They found a small variant and a big variant of the gene. Possess two of the big version of the gene from your mother and father and you’ll be bigger. Possess two of the small version and you’ll be smaller. They then conducted a follow-up study of 19,000 individuals which they say confirmed the role of this “height gene.”
These variants are only one part of the 15)genetic picture, however, and in themselves only explain about a centimetre of the height variations witnessed the scientists estimate. Nevertheless, they’re convinced that genes do explain up to 90% of height variations within particular populations and have already begun the hunt for other genes which could fill in the picture.
科学家称，他们发现了可以解释人类高度差异的基因。来自英国和美国的科学家研究了数千人的基因，发现有一个共同的变体，它可以从一定程度上解释为什么有的人会比其他人高大。研究的详细结果刊登在了《自然遗传学》杂志上。
大家都知道，父母的身高很大程度上会决定子女的身高。现在，来自英国埃克塞特半岛医学院、英国牛津大学以及美国布罗尔学院的研究人员说，他们已经在揭开身高的遗传原因上取得了进展。
他们研究了五千多人的DNA，确认一组名为HNGA2的基因变体在任何一个特定人群的身高差异方面似乎发挥了重要作用。他们发现了此基因的高低变种。如果你继承了父母两人的“高”基因，你就会高大些；如果你遗传了父母两人的“矮”基因，你就会矮小些。根据这个推论，他们又继续对一万九千人进行了后续研究，结果证实了身高基因结论。
然而，这些身高基因仅仅是造成人类身高差异的原因之一。依照科学家们的推断，这组基因对人身高的影响大约只是一厘米。不过，科学家们依然坚信，在一个特定人群中，造成身高差异90%的原因是来自遗传因素。他们已经开始寻找其它影响人类身高的基因了。
Elite but Symbolic 象征性的精英
美式发音 难度★★★☆☆
Her first day on the job in the 16)Beefeater uniform, Moira Cameron, the first female 17)Yeoman Warder ever, wasn’t letting the media attention 18)go to her head.
Moira: I wake up every morning and I still feel very, very happy to be here and very 19)privileged to be working here.
“Here” is the historic 20)Tower of London, where the Yeoman Warders have been an 21)elite guard unit, made up of men only, for 522 years.
Cameron isn’t the first woman to apply for the position, but she is the first to be admitted into the unit, her bosses say, “on merit.”
Today Cameron is using her keys to open some of the towers here. It’s just one of some 21 different responsibilities she has been trained for, though 22)presumably later on she will do it with a lot less media attention.
Responsibilities that include guarding the Queen’s 23)Crown Jewels and answering tourists’ questions. Like other Beefeaters, Cameron served the minimum 22 years of decorated military service. Her boss says his male Beefeaters are learning to adapt to the change.
Supervisor: Yes, there has been the odd one or two that have voiced their own personal opinions. What they’ve all elected to do quite happily is to give her chance and see how she gets on with the job.
Tourists were quick to add Cameron to the must-have photo checklist.
Tourist A: I think it’s brilliant. They should’ve done that about a hundred years ago.
Tourist B: You haven’t done 22 years in the army, have you?
Moira: I have, sir.
So, after 522 years, British and tourists alike are getting used to the new face of the old guard. No beard, just a smile.
莫伊拉·卡梅伦成为有史以来第一位伦敦塔女卫兵。她穿上制服，开始工作的第一天并没有被媒体的关注冲昏了头脑。
莫伊拉：直到现在每天早上醒来的时候，我依然为自己能在这里工作而感到开心和自豪。
“这里”指的就是历史悠久的伦敦塔。522年来，作为精英卫队的伦敦塔卫兵一直是清一色的男性。
卡梅伦并不是首位申请，但却是第一位成功获得该职位的女性。她的上司评价说：“她靠的是实力。”
今天，卡梅伦会用手中的钥匙去打开伦敦塔的部分房门。这只是她受训的21项职责的其中一项。以后她再履行这些职责时，大概就不会有这么多媒体关注了吧。
伦敦塔卫兵的其它职责还包括守护女王王冠的御宝，以及回答游客的问题等。与其他伦敦塔卫兵一样，卡梅伦已经在军队中服役22年。她的上司说伦敦塔的男卫兵们正在努力适应这个变化。
上司：的确有个别人谈过自己的看法。不过大家都乐意给她一个机会，看看她表现如何。
卡梅伦很快就成为游客们竞相合照的对象。
游客甲：太棒了。他们一百年前就应该这样做了。
游客乙：你不会真的是服役了22年吧？
莫伊拉：的确是22年了，先生。
就这样，522年来，英国民众和外国游客第一次从古老的卫兵队列中看到了一张新面孔。没有胡子，只有灿烂的微笑。