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为探究沼肥与化肥不同比例配施对2种不同株型春玉米光合参数及产量的影响。以平展型玉米‘丰禾1号’和紧凑型玉米‘郑单958’为试验材料,设置5个不同沼肥与化肥配施处理,采用大田小区试验,研究其对不同株型玉米叶绿素荧光参数、叶面积指数、SPAD值及产量的影响。结果表明,沼肥化肥配施处理后,2种株型玉米的光系统Ⅱ反应中心(PSⅡ)最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)及PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/F0)升高,初始荧光(F0)值下降,叶面积指数和SPAD值上升,且变化幅度均为80%沼肥与20%化肥配施处理最大。与‘丰禾1号’相比,沼肥化肥配施处理对紧凑型玉米‘郑单958’的作用效果更为明显,显著增加其PSⅡ内部光合转换效率、潜在活性和叶片光合面积,并延长其光合作用时间。产量构成因素表现为80%沼肥与20%化肥配施处理的2个品种穗长、穗粗、百粒质量显著增加。‘丰禾1号’和‘郑单958’在合理的沼肥与化肥配施处理下,产量分别达到9 367.82kg/hm2和11 145.39kg/hm2,对比单施化肥处理分别增产29.56%和34.96%。
In order to explore the effects of different rates of biogas fertilizer and chemical fertilizers on the photosynthetic parameters and yield of two different spring maize varieties. Taking the ’Fenghe 1’ with flat maize and the ’Zhengdan 958’ with compact maize as test materials, five different biogas manures and chemical fertilizers were set up. The field plot test was used to study the effects of different maize chlorophyll fluorescence parameters , Leaf area index, SPAD value and yield. The results showed that the maximum photochemical quantum yield (Fv / Fm) and the potential activity of PSⅡ (Fv / F0) of photosystem Ⅱ reaction center (PSⅡ) of maize plants increased after the biogas fertilizer was applied. The initial fluorescence ) Values decreased, leaf area index and SPAD value increased, and the rate of change was both 80% and that of marsh and maize was the highest. Compared with ’Fenghe 1’, the effect of biogas fertilizer on the compact maize Zhengdan 958 was more obvious, and the internal photosynthetic transformation efficiency, potential activity and leaf photosynthetic area of PSⅡ were significantly increased and prolonged Its photosynthesis time. The yield components of the two cultivars with 80% biogas manure and 20% chemical fertilizers were spike length, ear diameter and 100-kernel weight. The yield of Fenghe 1 and Zhengdan 958 reached 9367.82kg / hm2 and 11145.39kg / hm2, respectively, with reasonable biogas fertilizer and chemical fertilizer treatments, and increased by 29.56% and 34.96 %.