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为确定早熟型冬小麦品种中麦8号在高肥力田达到最佳群体质量时合理的氮磷肥施用量和适宜的种植密度,采用两因素裂区试验设计,主区设4个氮磷肥施用量水平,分别为N120P96(纯氮120kg·hm~(-2)、P_2O_5 96kg·hm~(-2))、N_(180)P_(144)(纯氮180kg·hm~(-2)、P_2O_5 144kg·hm~(-2))、N240P192(纯氮240kg·hm~(-2),P_2O_5 192kg·hm~(-2))、N_(300)P_(240),(纯氮300kg·hm~(-2)、P_2O_5 240kg·hm~(-2));副区设3个种植密度,分别为D180(180万株·hm~(-2))、D240(240万株·hm~(-2))和D300(300万株·hm~(-2)),研究了氮磷肥和种植密度对小麦群体性状、产量及其构成的影响。结果表明,随着氮磷肥施用量的增加,小麦开花后干物质积累量和产量均降低;种植密度的增加提高了成熟期群体总茎数和单位面积穗数,而千粒重表现出相反的趋势。在N180P144至N_(300)P_(240),范围内,同一施肥条件下花后干物质积累量随种植密度的增加而增加。在土壤肥力较高的条件下,早熟品种中麦8号在种植密度180万株·hm~(-2)、施纯氮120kg·hm~(-2)和P_2O_5 96kg·hm~(-2)的条件下,产量达到最高。
In order to determine the appropriate N and P application rate and suitable planting density for early maturing winter wheat cultivar Zhongmai 8 in high fertility field to achieve the best population quality, a two-factor fractured plot design was used. Four nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization levels , Which were N120P96 (pure nitrogen 120kg · hm -2, P 2 O 5 96kg · hm -2), N 180 P 144 (pure nitrogen 180kg · hm -2, P 2 O 5 144kg · N 2 300 P 240, N 2 0P 192 (pure nitrogen 240 kg · hm -2, P 2 O 5 192 kg · hm -2), pure nitrogen 300 kg · hm ~ (-2) 2) and 240 kg · hm -2 of P 2 O 5, respectively. The three planting densities were D180 (1.8 million plants · hm -2) and D240 (2.4 million plants · hm -2) ) And D300 (3 million plants · hm -2). The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and planting density on traits, yield and composition of wheat population were studied. The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen and phosphorus application, the dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat decreased after flowering. The increase of planting density increased the total number of stalks and spikelets per unit area of mature population, while the 1000-grain weight showed the opposite trend. In the range of N180P144 to N300P_ (240), the accumulation of dry matter under the same fertilization increased with the increase of planting density. Under the condition of high soil fertility, Zhongmai 8, which is a precocious variety, was planted at a density of 1.8 million plants · hm -2, pure nitrogen 120 kg · hm -2 and P 2 O 5 96 kg · hm -2, Under the conditions of production reached the highest.