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β_2微球蛋白是各种有核细胞表面 HLA 上的轻链所形成;这些细胞膜的代谢是血液和其他体液中游离β_2微球蛋白的主要来源。β_2微球蛋白是一种低分子量蛋白质(11400),它可被肾小球滤过,于肾小管分解代谢。血液中β_2微球蛋白的正常含量随年龄增长而增加,但即使在老年人中通常也不超过3mg/L。在肾小球滤过率降低及在进展性腺癌中其含量也增高,然与腺癌的恶化无关。与此相比,在血液系的恶性病变中血清β_2微球蛋白含量的增高可能是临床上的一个重要指标。
β 2 microglobulin is formed by the light chain on the HLA of various nucleated cells; the metabolism of these cell membranes is the main source of free β 2 microglobulin in blood and other body fluids. β 2 microglobulin is a low molecular weight protein (11400) that can be filtered by the glomerulus and catabolized in the renal tubules. The normal level of β2-microglobulin in the blood increases with age, but it does not usually exceed 3 mg/L even in the elderly. The decrease in glomerular filtration rate and its content in progressive adenocarcinoma are also associated with worsening of adenocarcinoma. In contrast, the increased serum β 2 microglobulin content in malignant lesions of the blood system may be an important clinical indicator.