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小微企业融资贵的根源在于中国政府为追求高增长而造成的金融体制扭曲和经济体制扭曲,因此要想根治小微企业融资贵问题,必须通过深化改革纠正中国长期存在的金融扭曲和经济扭曲问题。纠正金融扭曲的主要举措是推进利率市场化改革并引入民营银行,以打造适宜服务小微企业的银行业市场结构。纠正经济体制扭曲的核心举措是开征房产税和转变基建项目融资方式,从而降低房地产和基建项目对资金的吸附能力。进一步地,中国应该发展中高端制造业并全面推行要素市场改革,彻底摆脱经济增长对房地产和基建项目的依赖,从而更有效地降低房地产和基建项目对资金的吸附能力。
The root cause of the small and micro enterprise financing is the distortion of the financial system and the distortion of the economic structure caused by the Chinese government in pursuit of high growth. Therefore, if we want to cure the financing problems of small and micro enterprises, we must correct the long-standing financial distortions and economic distortions in China through deepening reforms problem. The main measures taken to correct financial distortions are to push forward interest rate liberalization and introduce private banks to create a banking market structure suitable for serving small and micro enterprises. The core measures to correct the distorted economic system are the introduction of real estate taxes and the transformation of capital construction financing so as to reduce the capacity of real estate and capital construction projects to absorb capital. Furthermore, China should develop middle and high-end manufacturing industries and fully implement the reform in factor markets so as to completely shake off the dependence of economic growth on real estate and infrastructure projects, so as to more effectively reduce the capacity of real estate and infrastructure projects to absorb capital.