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微小RNA(micro RNAs,miRs)是在真核生物中发现的一类内源性的具有调控功能的非编码RNA。心肌梗死(myocardial infaction,MI)是导致心脏重构和慢性心力衰竭的常见心血管事件,诸多miRs被发现在MI的病理生理机制中发挥重要作用。miRs对心肌细胞的存活及增殖活性有多方面影响,这些特性在治疗MI等缺血性心脏病中有着重要的指导意义。本文首先引入MI及miRs的研究概况,随后详细介绍了在心肌细胞存活及增殖中承担一定角色的miRs,最后展望了miRs应用于MI治疗的前景并提出局限性。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous regulatory non-coding RNAs found in eukaryotes. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cardiovascular event that leads to cardiac remodeling and chronic heart failure. Many miRs have been found to play an important role in the pathophysiology of MI. The effect of miRs on the survival and proliferation of cardiomyocytes has many implications. These characteristics play an important guiding role in the treatment of MI and other ischemic heart diseases. This article first introduced the research situation of MI and miRs, and then introduced the miRs that play a certain role in the survival and proliferation of cardiomyocytes in detail. Finally, the prospect of applying miRs to MI therapy and the limitations were proposed.