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国际货物运输代理业(以下简称国际货代)在从事国际货物运输服务中,所扮演的角色是不同的。有时充当委托代理人身份,有时则充当独立经营人身份,即便是委托代理人身份,又分为以被代理人的名义行事和以自己的名义从事货物运输服务两种形式。这种多重身份所引起的法律后果是不相同的。因此,如何确定国际货代的法律地位,对于明确委托人、国际货物运输代理以及第三人的责任是非常重要的,国际货代在业务经营活动过程中以多重身份存在并负相应的法律责任。国际货代以被代理人名义从事国际货物运输服务时,其身份为代理人,法律后果由代理人承担。国际货代以自己的名义为被委托人从事国际运输服务时,其身份为受托人,法律后果视情况由委托人或其承担,国际货代以独立经营人名义时,其身份自然为独立法人,由其承担法律后果,如其负责履行国际多式联运合同时,承担多式联运经营人的责任。
International cargo transport agency (hereinafter referred to as international freight forwarding) in the international transport of goods services, the role is different. Sometimes acts as principal agent, and sometimes acts as an independent operator. Even if he is acting as an agent, he is divided into two forms: acting in the name of the agent and carrying out the cargo transportation service in his own name. The legal consequences of such multiple identities are different. Therefore, how to determine the legal status of international freight forwarders is very important for clarifying the responsibilities of consignors, international freight forwarding agents and third parties. The international freight forwarders exist in multiple identities and bear corresponding legal liabilities in the course of business operations. When international freight forwarding is engaged in international carriage of goods and services in the name of the agent, its identity shall be the agent and the legal consequences shall be borne by the agent. International freight forwarding in its own name as the principal engaged in international transport services, the identity of the trustee, the legal consequences as the case may be assumed by the client or its international freight forwarding in the name of an independent operator, its identity as an independent legal entity from It assumes the legal consequences of assuming the responsibility of the multimodal transport operator when it is responsible for the performance of international multimodal transport contracts.