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Department of Finance, Air Force Logistics College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
Abstract. MOOCs as a new kind of online teaching mode worldwide at breakneck speed. This paper analyzes the development and advantages of MOOCs, to draw lessons from the successful experience of the MOOCs, build conform to the demand of our colleges and universities graduate education MOOCs platform, promote excellent education experts in the army、high-quality teaching resource sharing, to promote the teaching idea transformation、teaching content update and the teaching method reform, improve the quality of military high-level talent cultivation.
Keywords: MOOCs, the army graduate student, education platform
MOOCs on a global scale raised a new wave of open education, with its novel、scientific and reasonable design of classroom teaching, to attract and inspire the school mangers and front-line teachers blow away the cobwebs of traditional classroom teaching mode, in order to improve the teaching quality. For the army colleges and universities, the emergence of MOOCs to postgraduate education a new look at their own positioning of the historic opportunity, it has a great deal of study and reference to the army graduate education development. This article in reviewing on the basis of MOOCs development course and main characteristics, in order to provide some references and the suggestion for application of MOOCs in postgraduate education of the army.
1 MOOCs and development overview
MOOCs is Massive Open Online Courses, is put forward for the first time in 2008 of two professors of Dave Cormier and Bryan Alexander from Canada, the concept of curriculum construction is established on the basis of behaviorism theory teaching methods, In a virtual network environment, the breakthrough time and space constraints, for large-scale learners with complete teaching and rich learning support services of massive high quality courses. The Coursera、Udacity and edX platform common pattern in this course. With the development of information technology and the education philosophy and the depth of the integration of information technology, using new technology to improve the learning efficiency of innovation education mode. MOOCs as a new and rapid development of online learning mode, produced a huge impact and challenge to the traditional teaching mode, and received extensive attention of many countries in the world of higher education and mass promotion. Less than six months since the beginning of 2012 time, Coursera and Udacity and edX platform operation, set up and quickly attracted more than 120 world famous universities to participate in, online course is, more than 500 registered learners tens of millions. In November 2012, the American council on education (ACE) agree on Coursera to evaluate several courses provided by the top university, have five courses in February 2013, entered the ACE credit referral program, students taking the course credits began to get college admits.
Our country since 2013, Peking University, tsinghua university, the university of Hong Kong and the Hong Kong university of science and technology to join edX. Schools, fudan university, Shanghai jiaotong university, national Taiwan university and Chinese university of Hong Kong to join Coursera. Rice group, Beijing university and Howard in MOOCs curriculum research and development, to build with synchronous MOOCs curriculum system in the world, for learners learning support services of online, offline[1]. Peking University, tsinghua university, fudan university and other 12 "985 project" universities jointly announced the hand in hand to create the open courses online sharing platform, in order to promote large-scale online education. In May 2014, netease cloud classroom by the ministry of education national fine-designed open course tasks, to be a partner with "love course network" of "the Chinese university MOOC" project is launched. Online is at the beginning of Beijing university, zhejiang university, fudan university and other 16 "985 project" universities launched 61 courses.
For army goal, carry out the party in the new situation of national university of defense technology reference MOOCs concept, organization promote the construction of the military remote online course, and all the related joint military forces based on the ensemble network to carry out the relevant pilot application, has completed teaching basic platform building and six characteristic course construction[2]. School MOOCs platform launched in August 2013, now has ten door open to all the army officers and men of high quality courses, learning attracted nearly 30000 grass-roots troops registration. At the same time, in order to speed up the innovative talent training and interdisciplinary thinking collision, selected some schools from the three platform is suitable for the foreign high-level MOOCs graduate elective courses for students to choose learning, school elective credits obtained. 2 MOOCs course advantage
2.1 Large user scale
MOOCs in "M" is for Massive, registrant large number not only embodied in the course, learners is worth tens of millions, and no color, the limitation of time and region, occupation, but also embodied in the more outstanding educators involved in the teaching, and has strong interactivity. According to the survey, of Stanford university, only an《introduction to artificial intelligence》has attracted more than 190 countries in the world more than 190 people registered to learn. With the continuous development of MOOCs, its enrollment growth "faster than Facebook".
2.2 Open learning resources
MOOCs three platform to attract the world many colleges and universities to participate in curriculum construction, learning resources are very abundant, computer science, business, humanities, hundreds of dozens of subjects such as medicine, engineering, physics course. Coursera, for example, in the years after its founding arranged nearly 30 courses online, by early 2013, 33 universities 20 categories of 213 courses.
2.3 The mode of the innovation
Organizers in MOOCs, course by course center platform release content, learning activities and discussion topics, through a variety of social learning tools, including course discussion space (such as Google groups), virtual teachers (such as Skype), interpersonal interaction tools (such as Twitter), course resources sharing tools (such as Facebook), involved in the study, or through the course center platform blog, share learning, etc.; Course organizers to learners of course content and generate sorting and filtering of content, such as RSS or daily mail form share with learners. This is MOOCs common operation mode[4]. In this kind of curriculum, teachers are no longer the traditional curriculum leader role, but ACTS as a course of the initiator and organizer. Learners are no longer the pure knowledge recipients, but through a variety of social tools involved in the study, the same curriculum erectors of considering, truly realize the student-centered teaching design or project task oriented learning.
2.4 Interactive learning environment
Interaction is one of the most important role in teaching, MOOCs make full use of social software offers a wide range of interactive way for the teachers and students, which is welcomed by many learners factors. Everyone to use this platform to discuss ideas and participate in the BBS, and with the teaching content, notes, collaborative editing practice and related resources, in the learners' mutual system, carried out in accordance with the curriculum standards for other students homework score, give full play to the learners' subjective initiative in the learning process, which is different from traditional network classroom lectern to only to the screen and the lack of one of the characteristics of the interaction. 2.5 Curriculum design of human nature
MOOCs general meeting will be an hour or two course is decomposed into a number of 8 to 15 minutes of knowledge module, this design is helpful to arouse learners' interest in learning, choose according to their wishes and condition to learning content, and can make use of spare time, improve the learning efficiency. Only asked to complete a module and can enter the next learning module. Each module includes embedded in the lecture video, video quizzes, tests and other exams after class, peer assessment subject, etc., which makes the learner can get timely feedback, study enthusiasm greatly increased.
3 MOOCs revelation for the army of graduate education
Army graduate education is to cultivate a professional army and high-end professional talents and set up the unity of the academic degree type, its purpose is through the training, enhancing their academic level and practice in the field of professional ability, better to complete the job. Learn from the advantages and characteristics of MOOCs, relying on the heald net, build the army graduate education MOOCs platform, to solve the current insufficient construction of teachers team, not a clear training characteristics, such problems as jobs targeted, advancing army graduate education has a realistic significance. In the graduate education MOOCs platform construction, must do the following:
3.1 Course construction is diverse
First of all, the organization has rich experience in teaching military academies and schools, higher theoretical level of experts, professors, curriculum design, teaching video recording, the teaching material organization and teaching effect feedback analysis work, make the army colleges and universities high quality teaching resources, and make it available to graduate students to build the professional theoretical basis. Secondly, in view of the professional degree emphasizes practicality and occupational characteristics, organization forces with rich work experience, solid business operations serving military officers to the scene simulation operating course video recording, let more rich experiences on the practical experience and military forces commander ACTS as a mentor, enable graduate students to better combining theory with practice, to solve the traditional teaching of practicability, pertinence is not strong. Third, introducing some of Coursera and Udacity and edX platform is suitable for the foreign high-level MOOCs graduate elective courses, to provide more abundant learning resources for learners, widen our sight. Through the graduate student education MOOCs platform, set up colleges and universities, colleges and universities, and forces between resource sharing and information exchange channels between promote the optimal allocation of resources, improve the effect of education and training. 3.2 Course design of classification optimization
Army graduate education in public foundation course, military professional courses, post practice courses, etc., making the army MOOCs course, to do well the overall curriculum construction plan, according to the different course content, the curriculum is divided into "basic course", "professional courses", "integrated curriculum", "operation course" several big modules, classification is clear, clear, facilitate learners to learn content directly. In the process of curriculum design, to make a clear distinction between what knowledge is students themselves can watch, what is that must be great, what is the need to need to be understood through practice, which is need to discuss, overall planning course content, make it become a relatively independent and interconnected learning modules, each module content reduced in 10 minutes or so, enable graduate students to make full use of spare time, improve the learning efficiency, solve its already to complete the graduate school, and to take into account the real job.
3.3 Course content to keep pace with The Times
Theory and practice of the current college education is a serious problem of phase separation, college education depends on the material and material, theoretical is stronger, but the knowledge update speed is slow, in the case analysis, is a more classic case, or in certain contexts, relative to the problems arising from the real work is still some distance. As the national defense science and technology and the continuous development of weapons and equipment, new technology, new knowledge, new theory, new situation and new problems appear constantly, the urgent need for colleges and universities education situation need to follow closely, reforming the teaching content, service troops construction. Relying on the graduate student education MOOCs platform, building the army colleges and universities, army interconnected education network system, integrated education teaching resources, can make the unit on-the-job personnel in a timely manner to understand the new theory, new knowledge, can also be made in the practical work problems timely feedback to the expert, professor, is conducive to further solve the problem. So, colleges and universities education improve the pertinence and practicability of quality.
3.4 Intelligent interactive communication way
MOOCs such success with its perfect interactive functions are inseparable, this experience is worth reference for the network education resources construction. But by setting the course BBS, online FAQ, voice chat software, instant messaging tools for students to provide all-round, three-dimensional, personalized learning guidance and discussion. Faculty regularly solve the focus problem of BBS and online interaction, to understand the needs of the learners' of course, constantly improve and perfect the curriculum design; Learners achieve ideas through BBS and online communication, the purpose of the study, at the same time, if you want to see the other people to their homework evaluation, correcting others' homework, thus avoiding the achievement of the learner's subjective likes and dislikes. According to the characteristics of the graduate students, also can be installed in the network BBS dissertation, special subject research, comprehensive operation, engineering design, survey report, such as discussion plate, upload their own learning materials, provide a reference for other learners, increase exchanges and interaction between graduate students. 3.5 Gradually improve running mechanism
The construction and development of professional degree graduate education MOOCs platform, in addition to video production design course and relevant learning materials, but also promote the depth of the integration of information technology and education, establish a network teaching team, network learning space, network support services, network test results, the coordination between the network teaching management operation mode. The graduate students to participate in MOOCs curriculum's learning and evaluation with the cognizance of professional degree credits, and with the position of the inspection, promotes the graduate student positive and active learning. MOOCs teaching as the important responsibility of colleges and universities faculty, included in the work performance, and faculty (to qualify and evaluate achievements appraisal as an important indicator, encourage faculty members in virtual network environment to establish a new teaching mode, improve the quality of teaching, change traditional teaching ideas and teaching methods.
References
[1] Wang ying, Liu jing duo. MOOCs in China for the development of theoretical thinking and practical exploration[J]. China audio-visual education,2014（1）：52
[2] Sun hao, Chu huan xin. MOOC to MOORE - oriented innovation ability training of military academy graduate student hybrid courses teaching[J]. Journal of higher education research, 2013（12）：11
[3] Yang xue jun, Wang huai min. Thinking about advancing the learning army building[J]. Journal of higher education research, 2013（12）：5
[4] MOOC international large-scale network education platform in open study[EB/OL].http://www.aufe.edu.cn/s/106/t/ 120/a/27260/info.jspy.html,2013.07
Abstract. MOOCs as a new kind of online teaching mode worldwide at breakneck speed. This paper analyzes the development and advantages of MOOCs, to draw lessons from the successful experience of the MOOCs, build conform to the demand of our colleges and universities graduate education MOOCs platform, promote excellent education experts in the army、high-quality teaching resource sharing, to promote the teaching idea transformation、teaching content update and the teaching method reform, improve the quality of military high-level talent cultivation.
Keywords: MOOCs, the army graduate student, education platform
MOOCs on a global scale raised a new wave of open education, with its novel、scientific and reasonable design of classroom teaching, to attract and inspire the school mangers and front-line teachers blow away the cobwebs of traditional classroom teaching mode, in order to improve the teaching quality. For the army colleges and universities, the emergence of MOOCs to postgraduate education a new look at their own positioning of the historic opportunity, it has a great deal of study and reference to the army graduate education development. This article in reviewing on the basis of MOOCs development course and main characteristics, in order to provide some references and the suggestion for application of MOOCs in postgraduate education of the army.
1 MOOCs and development overview
MOOCs is Massive Open Online Courses, is put forward for the first time in 2008 of two professors of Dave Cormier and Bryan Alexander from Canada, the concept of curriculum construction is established on the basis of behaviorism theory teaching methods, In a virtual network environment, the breakthrough time and space constraints, for large-scale learners with complete teaching and rich learning support services of massive high quality courses. The Coursera、Udacity and edX platform common pattern in this course. With the development of information technology and the education philosophy and the depth of the integration of information technology, using new technology to improve the learning efficiency of innovation education mode. MOOCs as a new and rapid development of online learning mode, produced a huge impact and challenge to the traditional teaching mode, and received extensive attention of many countries in the world of higher education and mass promotion. Less than six months since the beginning of 2012 time, Coursera and Udacity and edX platform operation, set up and quickly attracted more than 120 world famous universities to participate in, online course is, more than 500 registered learners tens of millions. In November 2012, the American council on education (ACE) agree on Coursera to evaluate several courses provided by the top university, have five courses in February 2013, entered the ACE credit referral program, students taking the course credits began to get college admits.
Our country since 2013, Peking University, tsinghua university, the university of Hong Kong and the Hong Kong university of science and technology to join edX. Schools, fudan university, Shanghai jiaotong university, national Taiwan university and Chinese university of Hong Kong to join Coursera. Rice group, Beijing university and Howard in MOOCs curriculum research and development, to build with synchronous MOOCs curriculum system in the world, for learners learning support services of online, offline[1]. Peking University, tsinghua university, fudan university and other 12 "985 project" universities jointly announced the hand in hand to create the open courses online sharing platform, in order to promote large-scale online education. In May 2014, netease cloud classroom by the ministry of education national fine-designed open course tasks, to be a partner with "love course network" of "the Chinese university MOOC" project is launched. Online is at the beginning of Beijing university, zhejiang university, fudan university and other 16 "985 project" universities launched 61 courses.
For army goal, carry out the party in the new situation of national university of defense technology reference MOOCs concept, organization promote the construction of the military remote online course, and all the related joint military forces based on the ensemble network to carry out the relevant pilot application, has completed teaching basic platform building and six characteristic course construction[2]. School MOOCs platform launched in August 2013, now has ten door open to all the army officers and men of high quality courses, learning attracted nearly 30000 grass-roots troops registration. At the same time, in order to speed up the innovative talent training and interdisciplinary thinking collision, selected some schools from the three platform is suitable for the foreign high-level MOOCs graduate elective courses for students to choose learning, school elective credits obtained. 2 MOOCs course advantage
2.1 Large user scale
MOOCs in "M" is for Massive, registrant large number not only embodied in the course, learners is worth tens of millions, and no color, the limitation of time and region, occupation, but also embodied in the more outstanding educators involved in the teaching, and has strong interactivity. According to the survey, of Stanford university, only an《introduction to artificial intelligence》has attracted more than 190 countries in the world more than 190 people registered to learn. With the continuous development of MOOCs, its enrollment growth "faster than Facebook".
2.2 Open learning resources
MOOCs three platform to attract the world many colleges and universities to participate in curriculum construction, learning resources are very abundant, computer science, business, humanities, hundreds of dozens of subjects such as medicine, engineering, physics course. Coursera, for example, in the years after its founding arranged nearly 30 courses online, by early 2013, 33 universities 20 categories of 213 courses.
2.3 The mode of the innovation
Organizers in MOOCs, course by course center platform release content, learning activities and discussion topics, through a variety of social learning tools, including course discussion space (such as Google groups), virtual teachers (such as Skype), interpersonal interaction tools (such as Twitter), course resources sharing tools (such as Facebook), involved in the study, or through the course center platform blog, share learning, etc.; Course organizers to learners of course content and generate sorting and filtering of content, such as RSS or daily mail form share with learners. This is MOOCs common operation mode[4]. In this kind of curriculum, teachers are no longer the traditional curriculum leader role, but ACTS as a course of the initiator and organizer. Learners are no longer the pure knowledge recipients, but through a variety of social tools involved in the study, the same curriculum erectors of considering, truly realize the student-centered teaching design or project task oriented learning.
2.4 Interactive learning environment
Interaction is one of the most important role in teaching, MOOCs make full use of social software offers a wide range of interactive way for the teachers and students, which is welcomed by many learners factors. Everyone to use this platform to discuss ideas and participate in the BBS, and with the teaching content, notes, collaborative editing practice and related resources, in the learners' mutual system, carried out in accordance with the curriculum standards for other students homework score, give full play to the learners' subjective initiative in the learning process, which is different from traditional network classroom lectern to only to the screen and the lack of one of the characteristics of the interaction. 2.5 Curriculum design of human nature
MOOCs general meeting will be an hour or two course is decomposed into a number of 8 to 15 minutes of knowledge module, this design is helpful to arouse learners' interest in learning, choose according to their wishes and condition to learning content, and can make use of spare time, improve the learning efficiency. Only asked to complete a module and can enter the next learning module. Each module includes embedded in the lecture video, video quizzes, tests and other exams after class, peer assessment subject, etc., which makes the learner can get timely feedback, study enthusiasm greatly increased.
3 MOOCs revelation for the army of graduate education
Army graduate education is to cultivate a professional army and high-end professional talents and set up the unity of the academic degree type, its purpose is through the training, enhancing their academic level and practice in the field of professional ability, better to complete the job. Learn from the advantages and characteristics of MOOCs, relying on the heald net, build the army graduate education MOOCs platform, to solve the current insufficient construction of teachers team, not a clear training characteristics, such problems as jobs targeted, advancing army graduate education has a realistic significance. In the graduate education MOOCs platform construction, must do the following:
3.1 Course construction is diverse
First of all, the organization has rich experience in teaching military academies and schools, higher theoretical level of experts, professors, curriculum design, teaching video recording, the teaching material organization and teaching effect feedback analysis work, make the army colleges and universities high quality teaching resources, and make it available to graduate students to build the professional theoretical basis. Secondly, in view of the professional degree emphasizes practicality and occupational characteristics, organization forces with rich work experience, solid business operations serving military officers to the scene simulation operating course video recording, let more rich experiences on the practical experience and military forces commander ACTS as a mentor, enable graduate students to better combining theory with practice, to solve the traditional teaching of practicability, pertinence is not strong. Third, introducing some of Coursera and Udacity and edX platform is suitable for the foreign high-level MOOCs graduate elective courses, to provide more abundant learning resources for learners, widen our sight. Through the graduate student education MOOCs platform, set up colleges and universities, colleges and universities, and forces between resource sharing and information exchange channels between promote the optimal allocation of resources, improve the effect of education and training. 3.2 Course design of classification optimization
Army graduate education in public foundation course, military professional courses, post practice courses, etc., making the army MOOCs course, to do well the overall curriculum construction plan, according to the different course content, the curriculum is divided into "basic course", "professional courses", "integrated curriculum", "operation course" several big modules, classification is clear, clear, facilitate learners to learn content directly. In the process of curriculum design, to make a clear distinction between what knowledge is students themselves can watch, what is that must be great, what is the need to need to be understood through practice, which is need to discuss, overall planning course content, make it become a relatively independent and interconnected learning modules, each module content reduced in 10 minutes or so, enable graduate students to make full use of spare time, improve the learning efficiency, solve its already to complete the graduate school, and to take into account the real job.
3.3 Course content to keep pace with The Times
Theory and practice of the current college education is a serious problem of phase separation, college education depends on the material and material, theoretical is stronger, but the knowledge update speed is slow, in the case analysis, is a more classic case, or in certain contexts, relative to the problems arising from the real work is still some distance. As the national defense science and technology and the continuous development of weapons and equipment, new technology, new knowledge, new theory, new situation and new problems appear constantly, the urgent need for colleges and universities education situation need to follow closely, reforming the teaching content, service troops construction. Relying on the graduate student education MOOCs platform, building the army colleges and universities, army interconnected education network system, integrated education teaching resources, can make the unit on-the-job personnel in a timely manner to understand the new theory, new knowledge, can also be made in the practical work problems timely feedback to the expert, professor, is conducive to further solve the problem. So, colleges and universities education improve the pertinence and practicability of quality.
3.4 Intelligent interactive communication way
MOOCs such success with its perfect interactive functions are inseparable, this experience is worth reference for the network education resources construction. But by setting the course BBS, online FAQ, voice chat software, instant messaging tools for students to provide all-round, three-dimensional, personalized learning guidance and discussion. Faculty regularly solve the focus problem of BBS and online interaction, to understand the needs of the learners' of course, constantly improve and perfect the curriculum design; Learners achieve ideas through BBS and online communication, the purpose of the study, at the same time, if you want to see the other people to their homework evaluation, correcting others' homework, thus avoiding the achievement of the learner's subjective likes and dislikes. According to the characteristics of the graduate students, also can be installed in the network BBS dissertation, special subject research, comprehensive operation, engineering design, survey report, such as discussion plate, upload their own learning materials, provide a reference for other learners, increase exchanges and interaction between graduate students. 3.5 Gradually improve running mechanism
The construction and development of professional degree graduate education MOOCs platform, in addition to video production design course and relevant learning materials, but also promote the depth of the integration of information technology and education, establish a network teaching team, network learning space, network support services, network test results, the coordination between the network teaching management operation mode. The graduate students to participate in MOOCs curriculum's learning and evaluation with the cognizance of professional degree credits, and with the position of the inspection, promotes the graduate student positive and active learning. MOOCs teaching as the important responsibility of colleges and universities faculty, included in the work performance, and faculty (to qualify and evaluate achievements appraisal as an important indicator, encourage faculty members in virtual network environment to establish a new teaching mode, improve the quality of teaching, change traditional teaching ideas and teaching methods.
References
[1] Wang ying, Liu jing duo. MOOCs in China for the development of theoretical thinking and practical exploration[J]. China audio-visual education,2014（1）：52
[2] Sun hao, Chu huan xin. MOOC to MOORE - oriented innovation ability training of military academy graduate student hybrid courses teaching[J]. Journal of higher education research, 2013（12）：11
[3] Yang xue jun, Wang huai min. Thinking about advancing the learning army building[J]. Journal of higher education research, 2013（12）：5
[4] MOOC international large-scale network education platform in open study[EB/OL].http://www.aufe.edu.cn/s/106/t/ 120/a/27260/info.jspy.html,2013.07