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国际保赔险的起源和发展都和法制密切相关。18世纪颁布的法律赋予船东更多的责任,并禁止船东向商业保险机构转嫁风险,于是船东通过联合自保的方式共担风险,形成最初的保赔协会和保赔险。早期的保赔协会财务制度较为简单,承担的责任较少,管理相对粗放。而保赔险相关法制的革新,促使保赔协会建立现代企业制度、扩大保障范围、提升责任限额、引入竞争机制,推动着保赔险向纵深发展。为促进我国保赔险的进一步发展,我国应对相关法律条文进行修改完善。
The origin and development of international policy of insurance are closely related to the rule of law. The laws enacted in the eighteenth century gave shipowners more responsibility and forbade shipowners from shifting the risk to commercial insurance institutions. The owners then shared the risks through joint and self-protection to form the original insurance and insurance indemnities. Early P & I financial system is relatively simple, less responsibility, management is relatively extensive. However, the innovation of the law relating to the policy of insurance underpayment, prompting the P & I Club to establish a modern enterprise system, expand the scope of protection, raise the limit of liability, introduce a competition mechanism and promote the development of insurance policy in depth. In order to promote the further development of China’s insurance against indemnities, our country should revise and improve relevant laws and regulations.