电在生物体内普遍存在,生物学家认为,组成生物体的每个细胞都是一台微型发电机。细胞膜内外带有相反的电荷,膜外带正电荷,膜内带负电荷,膜内外的钾、钠离子的不均匀分布是细胞产生生物电的基础。不过,生物电的电压很低,电流很弱,要用精密仪器才能测量到,因此直到1786年才由意大利生物学家伽伐尼首先发现。 Electricity is ubiquitous in organisms, and biologists believe that every cell that makes up an organism is a micro-generator. The inside and outside of the cell membrane have opposite charges. The outside of the membrane is positively charged and the membrane is negatively charged. The inhomogeneous distribution of potassium and sodium ions inside and outside the membrane is the basis for the bioelectricity of cells. However, the voltage of bioelectricity is very low and the current is very weak. It can only be measured with precision instruments. Therefore, it was not discovered by the Italian biologist Galvani until 1786.