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目的了解住院病人医院感染分布特点和病原菌类型,以采取有效防控措施。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对某医院2010-2012年住院病人医院感染发病率及其影响因素进行调查与分析。结果该医院在2010-2012年期间共调查住院患者72 857例,查出医院感染1 231例,医院感染发生率为1.69%,例次感染率1.86%。医院感染率最高的科室为重症医学科占19.91%。医院感染部位以呼吸道和泌尿道为主,构成比分别为57.86%和11.81%。检出医院感染病原菌中,以革兰阴性杆菌为主,构成比为65.03%,其中多重耐药菌占26.09%。结论该医院住院患者医院感染发生率较低,病原菌多为革兰阴性杆菌,且多重耐药菌检出率较高,应加强有针对性的防控对策。
Objective To understand the distribution of nosocomial infections and pathogen types in hospitalized patients so as to take effective prevention and control measures. Methods The retrospective survey method was used to investigate and analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of nosocomial infection in hospital from 2010 to 2012 in a hospital. Results During the period from 2012 to 2012, 72 857 hospitalized patients were investigated in the hospital. Among them, 1 231 cases were found of hospital infection, the incidence of nosocomial infection was 1.69% and the incidence of nosocomial infection was 1.86%. The department with the highest hospital infection rate is 19.91% of the department of critical care. Nosocomial infections were mainly respiratory and urinary tract, with the proportions of 57.86% and 11.81% respectively. Gram-negative bacilli were the main pathogens in the hospital, accounting for 65.03%, among which 26.09% were multi-resistant. Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infections in hospital is low, mostly gram-negative bacilli, and the detection rate of multi-drug resistant bacteria is higher, and targeted prevention and control measures should be strengthened.