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本文叙述了土坝渗流的有限单元法计算,对非稳定渗流提出自由面降落是一个流量补给边界条件的有限单元解法。根据伽略金法给出土坝非稳定渗流有限单元法计算式(34)、(35),坝基有潜流和无潜流的土坝稳定渗流有限单元法计算式(36)、(37)。结合有限单元法还介绍了计算渗流量的中线法并给出计算式(40)。根据渗透力概念,介绍了直接利用原有有限单元划分进行坝坡滑动稳定分析,对一般常用的圆弧滑动法给出了计算公式(45)、(50)、(51)。结合土坝渗流计算的特点,对程序的编制做了一些说明,重点介绍了渗流自由面和渗出点的确定,透过斜墙渗流量如何补给自由面,以及如何实现坝坡滑动稳定分析等。最后介绍一些计算实例,并将计算结果与室内模拟试验和原体观测资料作了比较。
This paper describes the finite element method of seepage flow of earth dam, and proposes that the free surface landing of unsteady seepage flow is a finite element method of boundary condition of flow recharge. According to the method of Galerkin method, equations (34) and (35) are given for finite element method of unsteady seepage flow of earth dam, and the equations (36) and (37) are used to calculate the finite element method of steady seepage of earth dam. In conjunction with the finite element method, the median line method for calculating the seepage flow is introduced and the formula (40) is given. According to the concept of infiltration, the slope stability analysis based on the original finite element division is introduced. The formulas (45), (50) and (51) are given for the common circular sliding method. Combined with the characteristics of the seepage calculation of earth dam, some explanations are made on the compilation of the program, with emphasis on the determination of seepage free surface and seepage point, how to supply free surface through seepage of inclined wall, and how to realize the sliding stability analysis of dam slope . Finally, some calculation examples are introduced, and the results are compared with the indoor simulation test and the original observation data.